This chapter explains the gross anatomical structure of the liver, such as its general morphometric structure, functions, visceral and diaphragmatic surfaces, lobes, segments, and the formations in these parts. Then, the portal system in the liver, portal lobules and acinuses, the formations that hold the liver in position and the liver’s neighborhoods are included. The relationship between the liver and the peritoneum, peritoneal and non-peritoneal areas, the surfaces of the liver, the formation of the hepatic portal vein draining to the liver from the digestive system, and the portal circulation within the liver are explained. Finally, about the liver, we described the liver’s vessels, innervation, and lymphatic circulation.
In the gallbladder section, the morphometric features of the gallbladder, its anatomical localization and Calot’s triangle are explained. In continuation, bile ducts, their relationships with the liver and gallbladder, the opening of these ducts to the duodenum and their sphincters are mentioned. Finally, this part describes the vascular and nerve formations of the gallbladder.
In the clinical anatomy part, the clinical anatomy of the liver and gallbladder and the most common diseases seen in the clinic are explained. The relationships of these diseases with anatomy are evaluated as much as possible.