Digestibility, Blood Parameters, Rumen Fermentation, Hematology, and Nitrogen Balance of Goats after Receiving Supplemental Coffee Cherry Pulp as a Source of Phytochemical Nutrients

Abstract

This research examines the impact of adding dried coffee cherry pulp (CoCP) to goat feed on the digestibility of the feed, rumen fermentation, hematological, and nitrogen balance. A goat feeding experiment employed four male crossbreds (Thai Native × Anglo Nubian) aged 12 months and weighing 21.0 ± 0.2 kg each. The treatment was conceived as a 4 × 4 Latin square with four specific CoCP levels at 0, 100, 200, and 300 g/day. Dry matter intake (DMI), organic matter intake (OMI), and crude protein intake (CPI) were unaffected by the addition of CoCP. However, across treatment groups, there was a linear increase in ether extract intake (EEI) (p < 0.01), neutral detergent fiber intake (NDFI) (p = 0.06), and acid detergent fiber intake (ADFI) (p = 0.04), as well as a quadratic effect on DMI% BW (p = 0.04). The findings showed that rumen temperature, pH, ammonia-nitrogen, or pack cell volume did not change with CoCP supplementation. Total volatile fatty acid showed linear effects on acetate (p = 0.03) and was quadratically affected by propionate concentration (p = 0.02), acetate to propionate ratio (p = 0.01), acetic plus butyric to propionic acid ratio (p = 0.01), and methane estimation (p = 0.01). With increased CoCP supplementation, there was a linear decrease in protozoa count by about 20.2% as the amount of CoCP supplemented increased (p = 0.06). CoCP supplementation in animal feed resulted in a linear decrease in urinary nitrogen (p = 0.02) and a quadratic effect on absorbed nitrogen (p = 0.08) among treatment groups, with greater N utilization values found in goats fed 200 g/d CoCP. In light of this, supplementing CoCP into animal feed may improve animal digestion and rumen fermentation effectiveness while having no effect on feed intake, rumen microbes, or blood metabolites.

Rumen fermentation and nutrient utilization of growing Yankasa rams fed a mixed ration containing tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus) residue and cowpea husk (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)

“…The pH and temperature of the ruminal fluid obtained from this study were consistent with the findings of Maxiselly et al (2022), andSani et al (2023). The pH of the ruminal fluid is within the normal pH range of 5.5 to 7.0 reported to be optimal for microbial digestion of fibre and proteins in ruminants (Krause;Oetzel, 2006).…”

“…The pH of the ruminal fluid is within the normal pH range of 5.5 to 7.0 reported to be optimal for microbial digestion of fibre and proteins in ruminants (Krause;Oetzel, 2006). The acetate to propionic acid ratio was lower than the range of 2.09 to 2.79 reported by Maxiselly et al (2022). The quantity of methane from this study was lower than the quantity (22.83-26.92 nm/L -1 ) reported by Maxiselly et al (2022).…”

Effects of Diets Containing Different Levels of Copper, Manganese, and Iodine on Rumen Fermentation, Blood Parameters, and Growth Performance of Yaks

“…Blood metabolites are generally useful indicators of animal health and often reflect the metabolic homeostasis of the body. Levels of triglyceride and total cholesterol in the blood are commonly used to evaluate energy metabolism in dairy cows and small ruminants because they are closely linked to blood glucose concentration [ 40 ]. Blood cholesterol levels were significantly increased when ewes were injected with trace elements containing copper, manganese, and iodine [ 41 ].…”

In vivo study: The effects of Carica pubescens seed extract on the anthelmintic activity, feed digestibility, performance, and clinical parameters of thin-tailed sheep

“…The statistical analysis showed that the average consumption of DM, OM, and CP by the groups of ASE treatment at both concentrations (up to 5%), positive control, and negative control showed no significant difference between the pre-treatment and post-treatment (P>0.05). Maxselley et al [21] stated that the supplementation of 100-300 g/day of coffee cherry pulp containing phenolic compounds had no effect on the feed intake. Ardeshiri et al [22] added that the addition of Albizia lebbeck containing tannins had no effect on the consumption of DM, OM, and CP in Arabi sheep.…”

“…In an in vivo study, Ibidhi and Salim [23] demonstrated that the administration of Trigonella foenum graecum L. seeds, which have high flavonoids, saponins, and phenolics, at concentrations of up to 30 g in the concentrate, did not affect the nutrient digestibility of the food in Barbarine sheep. However, every plant has different active compounds such as in the case study by Maxselley et al [21], which showed that the supplementation of CoCP at 300 g/day could have a negative impact on the digestion of feed possibly due to the presence of high phenolic compounds that affect the feed digestibility.…”