Digestion and absorption of 2 fat emulsions with different droplet sizes in the human digestive tract

Armand, Martine; Pasquier, B; André, M.; Borel, Patrick; Senft, M.; Peyrot, J; Salducci, J; Portugal, Henri; Jaussan, Véronique; Lairon, Denis

doi:10.1093/ajcn/70.6.1096

Cited by 404 publications

(336 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…More recently, studies that have measured changes in different lipoprotein subfractions have revealed important differences with lipemic responses being of the order saturated fatty acid (SFA)4monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA)4PUFA (Jackson et al, 2002a, b;Jackson et al, 2005). It is important to note that the physicochemical characteristics of the meal-fat mixture, linked to the fatty acid composition, could be a highly determinant of the rate of digestion and absorption, thus on the extent and/or kinetic of the postprandial lipid response (Sakr et al, 1997;Armand et al, 1999). N-3 PUFAs can lower the postprandial triglyceride response if sufficient amount is present within the test meal (Zampelas et al, 1994a), but levels used were far greater than those which would be consumed by most populations.…”

Section: Dietary Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, lipid moieties are organized in different kind of complex structures (emulsified droplets with different compositions and sizes, multilamelar structures, vesicles) that will determine the rate of fat digestion by gut lipases (Armand et al, 1996(Armand et al, , 1999. This can affect the rate of gastric emptying as well as kinetics of postprandial occurrence of chylomicrons in the circulation (Sakr et al, 1997;Armand et al, 1999). Great care should be taken on this aspect in designing test meals and postprandial studies.…”

Section: Physicochemical Properties Of Test Mealsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methodology for studying postprandial lipid metabolism

2007

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Background: Postprandial lipid metabolism in humans has deserved much attention during the last two decades. Although fasting lipid and lipoprotein parameters reflect body homeostasis to some extent, the transient lipid and lipoprotein accumulation that occurs in the circulation after a fat-containing meal highlights the individual capacity to handle an acute fat input. An exacerbated postprandial accumulation of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in the circulation has been associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. Methods: The important number of studies published in this field raises the question of the methodology used for such postprandial studies, as reviewed. Results: Based on our experiences, the present review reports and discuss the numerous methodological issues involved to serve as a basis for further works. These aspects include aims of the postprandial tests, size and nutrient composition of the test meals and background diets, pre-test conditions, characteristics of subjects involved, timing of sampling, suitable markers of postprandial lipid metabolism and calculations. Conclusion: In conclusion, we stress the need for standardization of postprandial tests.

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Section: Dietary Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physicochemical Properties Of Test Mealsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology for studying postprandial lipid metabolism

2007

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“…Metabolic development may have been modulated by differences in absorption and digestion kinetics. In adults, small lipid droplets from a fat emulsion were hydrolyzed faster than larger lipid droplets (39), whereas small IMF lipid droplets without a PL coating were hydrolyzed more slowly in preterm infants than large HM milk lipid droplets with a native membrane (40). This suggests that (i) size and surface composition play a differential role in digestion kinetics and (ii) these are differentially handled in early childhood and adulthood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size and phospholipid coating of lipid droplets in the diet of young mice modify body fat accumulation in adulthood

Oosting¹,

Kegler²,

Wopereis

et al. 2012

Pediatr Res

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Background: In addition to contemporary lifestyle factors that contribute to the increased obesity prevalence worldwide, early nutrition is associated with sustained effects on later life obesity. We hypothesized that physical properties of dietary lipids contribute to this nutritional programming. We developed a concept infant formula (IMF) with large, phospholipidcoated lipid droplets (Nuturis; Danone Research, Paris, France) and investigated its programming effect on metabolic phenotype later in life. Methods: Male c57Bl/6j mice were fed a control formula (control IMF) or Nuturis (concept IMF) diet between postnatal day (PN)16 and PN42. all mice were subsequently fed a Western-style diet (WsD) until PN126. Body composition was monitored repeatedly by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry between PN42 and PN126. results: concept IMF slightly increased lean body mass as compared with control IMF at PN42 but did not affect fat mass. Upon 84 d of WsD feeding, the concept IMF group showed reduced fat accumulation as compared with control IMF. In addition, fasting plasma leptin, resistin, glucose, and lipids were significantly lower in the concept IMF group. conclusion: Large phospholipid-coated lipid droplets in young mice reduced fat accumulation and improved metabolic profile in adulthood. These data emphasize that physical properties of early dietary lipids contribute to metabolic programming.

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“…However, authors hypothesized that emulsion droplets size and interface could modify digestion kinetics. At this stage, limited and quite conflicting results had been published on milk emulsion digestion (Armand et al, 1996(Armand et al, , 1999 suggesting that adult would digest faster small droplets based emulsion which would not be the case for infants. Since then, these results have been fully clarified and will be summarized in Section 3.…”

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards infant formula biomimetic of human milk structure and digestive behaviour

Bourlieu-Lacanal

Deglaire

Oliveira

et al. 2017

OCL

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-Lipids of human milk or infant formula convey most of the energy necessary to support the newborn growth. Until recently, infant formula chemical composition had been optimized but not their structure. And yet, more and more proofs of evidence have shown that lipids structure in human milk modulates digestion kinetics and is involved in metabolic programming. Indeed there is a striking difference of structure between human milk which is an emulsion based on dispersed milk fat globules (4 mm) secreted by the mammary gland and submicronic neoformed lipid droplets (0.5 mm) found in infant formula. These droplets result from a series of operation units. This difference of structure modifies digestion kinetics and emulsion disintegration in the intestinal tract of the newborn. This difference persists along gastric phase which is mainly dominated by acid and enzyme-induced aggregation. Lipid droplets size is thus the key parameter to control gastric lipolysis and emptying and intestinal lipolysis. This parameter also controls proteolysis since adsorbed proteins are more rapidly hydrolyzed than when in solution. In animal models, these differences of lipid structure would also impact digestive and immune systems' maturation and microbiota. Lipid structure during neonatal period would also be involved in the early programming of adipose tissues and metabolism. The supplementation of infant formulas with bovine milk fractions (milk fat globule membrane extracts, triacylglycerol) or recent development of large droplets infant formula, along with new fields of innovation in neonatal nutrition, are here reviewed.Keywords: human milk fat globules / lipid structure / infant formula / neonatal digestion / programming Résumé -Vers des formules infantiles mimant la structure et le profil de digestion du lait maternel.Les lipides laitiers du lait maternel ou de formules infantiles fournissent la plupart de l'énergie disponible pour la croissance du nouveau-né. Jusqu'alors, la composition chimique des formules infantiles a été optimisée mais pas leur structure. Or il est de plus en plus démontré que la structure des lipides dans le lait maternel module les cinétiques de digestion et participe à la pré-programmation métabolique. Il existe en effet une différence majeure entre les émulsions natives de globules gras laitiers (4 mm) sécrétées par la glande mammaire et la structure des lipides dans les formules infantiles qui résultent d'une succession d'opérations unitaires de transformation et sont constituées de gouttelettes submicroniques (0.5 mm) avec des interfaces néoformées. Cette différence de structure modifie les cinétiques de digestion et de déstructuration des émulsions dans le tractus digestif des nouveau-nés. De façon générale, la différence de structure initiale entre lait maternel et formules infantiles se maintient pendant toute la phase gastrique, qui est surtout dominée par des mécanismes d'agrégation acide et enzymatique. La taille des gouttelettes est le paramètre clé pour contrôler les lipolyses gastri...

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Digestion and absorption of 2 fat emulsions with different droplet sizes in the human digestive tract

Cited by 404 publications

References 38 publications

Methodology for studying postprandial lipid metabolism

Methodology for studying postprandial lipid metabolism

Size and phospholipid coating of lipid droplets in the diet of young mice modify body fat accumulation in adulthood

Towards infant formula biomimetic of human milk structure and digestive behaviour

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