Digestion‐Promoting Effects and Mechanisms of Dashanzha Pill Based on Raw and Charred Crataegi Fructus

Abstract

Emerging evidence suggests that a high-fat diet (HFD) can influence endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and gut microbiota. Crataegi Fructus is a traditional Chinese herb widely used in formulas for dyspepsia, with Dashanzha Pill composed of raw Crataegi Fructus (DR) being a representative drug. Processing products of Crataegi Fructus, however, have a stronger pro-digestive effect, and we hypothesized that Dashanzha Pill composed of charred Crataegi Fructus (DC) is more effective. We found that the contents of glucose 1-phosphate and luteolin in DR and DC were substantially different via ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry. DC outperformed DR in improving histopathological changes, increasing gastrin and motilin, and decreasing vasoactive intestinal peptides in rats with HFD induced dyspepsia. Fecal microbiota analysis revealed that DC could restore the disturbed intestinal microbiota composition, including that of Bacteroides, Akkermansia, and Intestinimonas to normal levels. Furthermore, DC significantly reduced the mRNA and protein levels of glucose-regulated protein 78, protein kinase R-like ER kinase, and eukaryotic initiation factor 2α. Taken together, DC outperformed DR in relieving dyspepsia by regulating gut microbiota and alleviating ER stress.

Anti-aging mechanism and effect of treatment with raw and wine-steamed Polygonatum sibiricum on D-galactose-induced aging in mice by inhibiting oxidative stress and modulating gut microbiota

“…UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS has been widely used in the qualitative analysis of TCM because it provides a platform to observe fragment ions of compounds and has the advantages of high sensitivity, high-resolution, high accuracy, and a wide scanning range. The technology not only helps to solve the problem of the diversity and complexity of TCM, but also establishes a foundation for elucidating the therapeutic mechanism of TCM and the development of new drugs ( Wong et al, 2016 ; Liu et al, 2021 ). In this study, six compounds were detected only in RPS, and 10 compounds were detected only in WPS.…”

Efficacy and safety of Jiao Wei Xiao Shi decoction in patients with functional dyspepsia: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

“…The main ingredients of JWXSD are charred hawthorn and charred malt. A study has evaluated charred hawthorn outperformed raw hawthorn in relieving dyspepsia by regulating gut microbiota [31]. Evidence indicates that hawthorn decoction coupled with the odor of charred hawthorn effectively alleviates highcalorie-diet-induced dyspepsia in rats by regulating the "Brain-Gut" axis and gut ora [32].…”

Intestinal Gastrin/CCKBR (Cholecystokinin B Receptor) Ameliorates Salt-Sensitive Hypertension by Inhibiting Intestinal Na + /H + Exchanger 3 Activity Through a PKC (Protein Kinase C)-Mediated NHERF1 and NHERF2 Pathway

“…[59][60][61] Excessive salt intake leads to changes in intestinal microbiota and promotes the activation of innate and adaptive immune systems, resulting in salt-sensitive hypertension. 62 However, only few studies have explored on the role of gastrin in the gut microbiome. One study showed that charred Crataegi fructus can promote gastrin secretion and restore the composition of disturbed intestinal microbiota to normal levels, including Bacteroides, Akkermansia, and Intestinimonas.…”