Digestive enzymes of some earthworms

Mishra, Preeti; Dash, M. C.

doi:10.1007/bf01976096

Cited by 37 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The acute exposure with these two pesticides, however, has been found to be lethal to the earthworms [58]. The presence of high activity of cellulase in the posterior region of the gut of the earthworms helps in digestion of complex plant carbohydrates and generation of energy [59]. Assays of the enzymes amylase, cellulase, invertase and pectinase from the gut of E. eugeniae revealed that their production was reduced in the fipronil mixed with soil as compared to that of control [60].…”

Section: Gut Enzymes Of Earthwormmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymes of Earthworm as Indicators of Pesticide Pollution in Soil

Tiwari¹,

Singh²,

Pandey³

et al. 2016

AER

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The importance of the earthworms in the agricultural practices is well known. The increasing applications of pesticides and chemicals in the agricultural farms have adversely influenced the flora and fauna of the soil. Earthworms which immensely contribute in increasing the quality and fertility of agricultural soil are reported be worst hit organisms under such conditions. Recent reports have indicated growing interests among researchers to explore biochemical and molecular markers as indicators of accumulation of pollutants in the soil in general and pesticides in particular. The varying levels of several biomolecules in different parts of the earthworm have been reported which are indicative of sensitivity of the organisms to different xenobiotics. However, the existing information lacks the literature displaying stock of information regarding the impact of pesticides on the levels of some key enzymes regulating many crucial functions in the earthworm at one place. Keeping in view this issue, it was envisaged to bring out a mini review which illustrates updated information available on the impact of pesticides on the activities of certain key enzymes reported to be responsible for catalysing metabolic pathways concerning the neurotransmission system, energy metabolism, oxidative stress and amino acids metabolism in different body parts of the earthworms, a prospective bioindicators of pesticides contamination in the soil.

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Section: Gut Enzymes Of Earthwormmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymes of Earthworm as Indicators of Pesticide Pollution in Soil

Tiwari¹,

Singh²,

Pandey³

et al. 2016

AER

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“…Following the method of Mishra et al [9] with slight modifications earthworms taken for enzyme estimation were kept in moist filter paper for 24hrs to void their gut contents and then homogenized (10%w/v) in 0.1M,pH 7.5 phosphate buffer. For Cellulase estimation the homogenates were centrifuged at 2,500rpm for 10 min, the supernatant fluid was removed into another centrifuge tube and were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 5 min, the supernatant fluid was collected and used to test enzyme activity.…”

Section: Extraction Of Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cellulase activity was determined by following the method of Mishra et al [9] with little modifications. Incubate 1 ml of cellulose solution, 1ml of Cellulase extract and 1 ml of phosphate buffer (pH 6.4) in a test tube for 24hrs.…”

Section: Determination Of Cellulase Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Effects of Endosulfan on Acetylcholinesterase and Cellulase Enzyme Activity of Earthworm Eisenia Foetida

Farrukh¹

2017

MOJT

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Pesticides produces considerable effects on biochemical parameters of organisms and since enzymes allow specific reactions to proceed and collectively constitute the metabolism, studies on metabolic enzymes and proteins of earthworms may be useful biomarkers for ecotoxicological aspects. Endosulfan, belonging to the organochlorine group of pesticides on growth, reproduction and avoidance behavior of earthworm E. foetida and found that the pesticide significantly affected the parameters. Due to its used against a broad spectrum of insects and mites in agriculture and allied sectors, it is one of the most extensively used pesticides in the agricultural fields of MP, Central India. The present study has been undertaken to reveal its chronic effects on two important enzymes, i.e. Acetylcholinesterase and Cellulase of earthworm E. foetida. Both the enzymes have their own significance in earthworm physiology. The inhibition of AchE activity was found to be concentration dependent. During the exposure period of 28 days the percent of AchE activity was found as 43%, 51% and 68% at doses of 0.5, 1 and 2mg/kg endosulfan whereas, during the exposure period of 30 to 90 days same doses caused inhibition of AchE activity up to 25%, 39% and 63% after first 30 days of exposure and no significant changes or recovery of enzyme activity was observed after 90 days of exposure. Therefore, from the present findings it can be concluded that long term exposure to organochlorine pesticides could lead to severe and irreparable effects on biochemical mechanisms of earthworms. Citation Extraction of EnzymesFollowing the method of Mishra et al. [9] with slight modifications earthworms taken for enzyme estimation were kept in moist filter paper for 24hrs to void their gut contents and then homogenized (10%w/v) in 0.1M,pH 7.5 phosphate buffer. For Cellulase estimation the homogenates were centrifuged at 2,500rpm for 10 min, the supernatant fluid was removed into another centrifuge tube and were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 5 min, the supernatant fluid was collected and used to test enzyme activity. For Acetyl Cholinesterase activity, the homogenates cooled up to 4°C were centrifuged at 10,000rpm for 10 min and the resultant supernatant was recentrifuged at 10,000rpm for 10 min (name of the centrifuge model) and supernatant was stored in ice for AchE activity [10]. Determination of cellulase activityCellulase activity was determined by following the method of Mishra et al. [9] with little modifications. Incubate 1 ml of cellulose solution, 1ml of Cellulase extract and 1 ml of phosphate buffer (pH 6.4) in a test tube for 24hrs. The enzyme activity was measured using the DNS method when 1ml of working DNS reagent was added to each test tube covered with a marble and kept in boiling water bath for 5 min, cool it and absorbance was measured against a suitable blank. The activity of cellulase was measured in terms of mgs of glucose/ hr/per mg body proteins by plotting the linear regression curve with glucose standards. Determination of acet...

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“…It has long been used as a drug in Chinese medicine under the name of ''Jiryu.'' 11,12) Nakajima et al reported that an earthworm, Lumbricus rubellus, secreted alkaline serine proteases having a potent fibrinolytic activity, 13,14) and that these proteases were also useful biocatalysts. 15,16) Furthermore, they reported that one of the earthworm serine proteases acts on the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereoselective Reduction of Carbonyl Compounds Using the Cell-Free Extract of the Earthworm,Lumbricus rubellus, as a Novel Source of Biocatalyst

Ishihara

Nakajima

2006

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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We found the reducing activity toward carbonyl compounds in the cell-free extract of the earthworm, Lumbricus rubellus. The earthworm extract had a reducing activity for keto esters in the presence of NADH or NADPH as a coenzyme. The earthworm extract reduced ethyl 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate to the corresponding alcohol with a high enantiomeric excess (91%, R-form) at 50 C in the presence of NADH. In particular, ethyl 2-oxoheptanoate was exclusively reduced to the corresponding (R)-hydroxyl ester with a high enantiomeric excess (> 99%).

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Digestive enzymes of some earthworms

Cited by 37 publications

References 7 publications

Enzymes of Earthworm as Indicators of Pesticide Pollution in Soil

Enzymes of Earthworm as Indicators of Pesticide Pollution in Soil

Chronic Effects of Endosulfan on Acetylcholinesterase and Cellulase Enzyme Activity of Earthworm Eisenia Foetida

Stereoselective Reduction of Carbonyl Compounds Using the Cell-Free Extract of the Earthworm,Lumbricus rubellus, as a Novel Source of Biocatalyst

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