Digestive utilization of concentrated and fibrous diets by two peccary species (Tayassu peccari, Tayassu tajacu) raised in French Guyana

Comizzoli, Pierre; Peiniau, J.; Dutertre, Christophe; Planquette, P.; Aumaı̂tre, A.

doi:10.1016/s0377-8401(96)01060-7

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Therefore, in those trials where the digestibility coefficients for both DM and organic matter were measured, there was a distinct difference between the two-as high as 15% in the case of the second warthog trial. Positive digestion coefficients for lignin, usually interpreted as analytical artifacts [Conklin-Brittain and Dierenfeld, 1996], occurred as well, as in other studies [Conklin et al, 1994;Comizzoli et al, 1997;Nogueira-Filho, 2005] higher digestion coefficients for both protein and fiber than those studied by Elston et al [2005], but in several cases, similar digestion coefficients have been reported for peccaries [Shively et al, 1985;Conklin et al, 1994;Comizzoli et al, 1997;NogueiraFilho, 2005].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…This difference in digestive efficiency is also evident in in vitro digestion assays using pig feces as inoculum [Yen et al, 2004], and was evident in the measured digestibilities for red river hogs, warty pigs, and babirusa as well. Similarly, the wild boars and peccaries investigated by Elston et al [2005] showed the same pattern, but other results for peccaries [Comizzoli et al, 1997;Nogueira-Filho, 2005] are equivocal in this respect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…This was particularly distinct in red river hogs, warty pigs, and babirusa, but was also the case in the wild boars and peccaries from Elston et al [2005]. The only exception to this pattern was the warthog, in which digestion coefficients for HC and cellulose did not differ, and peccaries in trials of Comizzoli et al [1997].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…For comparison, the data for wild boars and peccaries from Elston et al [2005] were added to the result tables. Additionally, other data for babirusa and peccaries [Conklin et al, 1994;Leus, 1994;Comizzoli et al, 1997;Nogueira-Filho, 2005] were included, when appropriate, in the graphical presentations of results. For comparison with data for domestic pigs, literature equations were used [Noblet and Perez, 1993;Kamphues et al, 2004].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative digestion studies in wild suids at Rotterdam Zoo

Clauss

Nijboer²,

Loermans

et al. 2008

Zoo Biology

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Among the artiodactyla, the suids are a group whose digestive physiology has hardly been investigated. The apparent digestibilities (aD) of macronutrients were measured in captive specimens of warthog (Phacochoerus africanus), red river hog (Potamochoerus porcus), and Visayan warty pigs (Sus cebifrons), and compared with those reported for babirusa (Babyrousa babyrussa) from the same facility on a similar diet. The animals were fed mixed diets of pelleted feed, grains, fruits, and vegetables; dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF) ranged from 17 to 26% dry matter. aD of organic matter and protein ranged from 72 to 89 and 70 to 82%, respectively. Although red river hogs and warty pigs achieved aD of NDF of 41-54%, this value was higher both in warthogs (63-66%) and babirusa (61-63%). aD of acid detergent fiber was comparatively low in red river hogs (4%), warty pigs (22%), and babirusa (13-25%) but high in warthog (59-62%). Comparison with additional literature data (including peccaries) indicates that in spite of differences in digestive anatomy, suids and peccaries are similar, and resemble other herbivores in fundamental characteristics, such as the negative influence of fiber on overall digestibility, or the positive influence of dietary protein on protein digestion. Although the existing data are equivocal as to a superior fiber digestion in peccaries as compared with other wild suids, the results suggest that warthogs are more efficient than other wild suids or peccaries in terms of fiber digestion. Zoo Biol 27:305-319, 2008. (c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative digestion studies in wild suids at Rotterdam Zoo

Clauss

Nijboer²,

Loermans

et al. 2008

Zoo Biology

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“…Gastrointestinal anatomy (GIT-Anatomy), number of offspring per litter (Nos offspring) mean of body mass (BM), dry matter intake (DMI), mean retention time of particle markers (different markers) through the whole gastrointestinal tract (MRT), apparent digestibility of dry matter (aD DM) and calculated mass of dry matter gastrointestinal tract content (DMC) of 77 herbivorous mammalian species for which all relevant data were measured in individual studies (Sakaguchi and Ohmura, 1992) Cricetus cricetus 1 >1 0.11 0.011 9.1 66.5 0.003 (Sakaguchi et al, 1987) Neotoma lepida 1 >1 0.13 0.010 4.0 55.0 0.001 (Karasov et al, 1986) Octodon degus 1 >1 0.18 0.010 15.5 69.9 0.004 (Sakaguchi and Ohmura, 1992) Arvicola terrestris 1 >1 0.23 0.024 5.4 58.5 0.004 (Woodall, 1989) Rattus norvegicus 1 >1 0.30 0.024 13.1 59.9 0.009 (Sakaguchi et al, 1987) Cavia porcellus 1 >1 0.57 0.036 21.1 70.1 0.020 (Sakaguchi et al, 1987;Sakaguchi and Nabata, 1992;Sakaguchi et al, 1992b;Sakaguchi and Ohmura, 1992;Franz et al, 2011) Spermophilus columbianus 1 >1 0.66 0.026 22.1 75.4 0.015 (Hume et al, 1993) Hapalemur griseus 1 1 1.04 0.027 47.5 76.3 0.033 (Campbell et al, 2004) Oryctolagus cuniculus 1 >1 2.01 0.079 42.6 68.4 0.088 (Sakaguchi et al, 1987;Sakaguchi and Hume, 1990;Sakaguchi et al, 1992a;Franz et al, 2011) Marmota caligata 1 >1 2.31 0.112 28.9 81.0 0.080 (Hume et al, 1993) (Campbell et al, 1999) Propithecus verreauxi 1 1 3.58 0.072 33.5 68.8 0.066 (Campbell et al, 1999;Campbell et al, 2004) (Dellow, 1982;Dellow and Hume, 1982) Macropus eugenii 3 1 4.80 0.117 24.8 59.8 0.084 (Dellow, 1982;Dellow and Hume, 1982) Trachypithecus auratus 3 1 6.00 0.140 45.0 63.5 0.179 (Nijboer et al, 2007) Colobus angolensis 3 1 7.50 0.118 77.0 89.0 0.210 Trachypithecus johnii 3 1 9.50 0.157 42.0 79.0 0.166 (Comizzoli et al, 1997; (Forbes and Tribe, 1970;Dellow, 1982;…”

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confidence: 99%

Assessing the Jarman–Bell Principle: Scaling of intake, digestibility, retention time and gut fill with body mass in mammalian herbivores

Müller

Codron

Meloro

et al. 2013

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular &

177

158

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Differences in allometric scaling of physiological characters have the appeal to explain species diversification and niche differentiation along a body mass (BM) gradient -because they lead to different combinations of physiological properties, and thus may facilitate different adaptive strategies. An important argument in physiological ecology is built on the allometries of gut fill (assumed to scale to BM1.0) and energy requirements/intake (assumed to scale to BM0.75) in mammalian herbivores. From the difference in exponents, it has been postulated that the mean retention time (MRT) of digesta should scale to BM1.0-0.75 = BM0.25. This has been used to argue that larger animals have an advantage in digestive efficiency and hence can tolerate lower-quality diets. However, empirical data does not support the BM0.25 scaling of MRT, and the deduction of MRT scaling implies, according to physical principles, no scaling of digestibility; basing assumptions on digestive efficiency on the thus-derived MRT scaling amounts to circular reasoning. An alternative explanation considers a higher scaling exponent for food intake than for metabolism, allowing larger animals to eat more of a lower quality food without having to increase digestive efficiency; to date, this concept has only been explored in ruminants. Here, using data for 77 species in which intake, digestibility and MRT were measured (allowing the calculation of the dry matter gut contents DMC), we show that the unexpected shallow scaling of MRT is common in herbivores and may result from deviations of other scaling exponents from expectations. Notably, DMC have a lower scaling exponent than 1.0, and the 95% confidence intervals of the scaling exponents for intake and DMC generally overlap. Differences in the scaling of wet gut contents and dry matter gut contents confirm a previous finding that the dry matter concentration of gut contents decreases with body mass, possibly compensating for the less favourable volume-surface ratio in the guts of larger organisms. These findings suggest that traditional explanations for herbivore niche differentiation along a BM gradient should not be based on allometries of digestive physiology. In contrast, they support the recent interpretation that larger species can tolerate lower-quality diets because their intake has a higher allometric scaling than their basal metabolism, allowing them to eat relatively more of a lower quality food without having to increase digestive efficiency. MRT scaling amounts to circular reasoning. An alternative explanation considers a higher 38 scaling exponent for food intake than for metabolism, allowing larger animals to eat more of a 39 lower quality food without having to increase digestive efficiency; to date, this concept has 40 only been explored in ruminants. Here, using data for 77 species in which intake, digestibility 41 and MRT were measured (allowing the calculation of the dry matter gut contents DMC), we 42show that the unexpected shallow scaling of MRT is common in herbi...

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Macroscopic, morphometric, and tomographic features of the mandible of the collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) applied to clinical morpho‐physiology and imaging

Ribeiro

Magalhães

Silva

et al. 2022

The Anatomical Record

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Veterinary dentistry is one of the specialties with the greatest potential to contribute to animal welfare; however, it requires a deep anatomical knowledge of the region to be treated. Therefore, the aim was to describe the macroscopic, morphometric, and tomographic anatomy of the mandible of the collared peccary in order to provide support for a better understanding of local morpho‐physiology and to improve clinical procedures and interpretation of imaging exams in live adult specimens. Four mandibles from wild adult Pecari tajacu were used. The mandibles were submitted to CT scanning, and comparative analyses were performed using multiplanar views. Afterward, mandibular morphometry was conducted following the literature. Each hemimandible is composed of body, angle, and ramus. The main bony landmarks are the mandibular foramen, three main lateral mental foramina, two medial mental foramina, condylar and coronoid processes, and mandibular and angular notches. The teeth are bunodont, and the dental formula is I3/C1/PM3/M3. All bony structures were observed both in the prepared mandible and in the tomographic images and their 3D reconstruction. No obvious differences were observed in the morphometric data between males and females, or between right and left hemimandibles. It can be concluded that the mandible of the collared peccary may be anatomically structured to favor its omnivorous feeding habit. CT scan proved to be an excellent tool for evaluating the teeth and mandible, and it also provides reliable 3D bone reconstructions that can be helpful in the structural identification and the planning of oral care in live adult animals.

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Digestive utilization of concentrated and fibrous diets by two peccary species (Tayassu peccari, Tayassu tajacu) raised in French Guyana

Cited by 21 publications

References 15 publications

Comparative digestion studies in wild suids at Rotterdam Zoo

Comparative digestion studies in wild suids at Rotterdam Zoo

Assessing the Jarman–Bell Principle: Scaling of intake, digestibility, retention time and gut fill with body mass in mammalian herbivores

Macroscopic, morphometric, and tomographic features of the mandible of the collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) applied to clinical morpho‐physiology and imaging

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