Digit ratios do not serve as anatomical evidence of prenatal androgen exposure in clinical phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome

Lujan, Marla E.; Bloski, Terri G.; Chizen, Donna R.; Lehotay, Denis C.; Pierson, R.A.

doi:10.1093/humrep/dep363

Cited by 45 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Lujan ME et al [16], concluded that women with PCOS do not demonstrate finger length patterns that are consistent with increased prenatal androgen exposure and precluded that digit ratios measured by Vernier callipers do not serve as anatomical evidence of prenatal androgen exposure in PCOS which contradict our and Cattrall results. In her study collectively, women with PCOS tended to be slightly older (P = 0.068), of greater body mass index (BMI; P < 0.001), and had larger waist circumferences (P < 0.001) and reported longer menstrual cycles (P < 0.001) compared with controls.…”

Section: Digit Ratio (2d:4d): a Potential Anatomical Biomarker For Prcontrasting

confidence: 71%

“…The precise aetiology of PCOS is unknown, but there is strong evidence that it is largely a genetic disease [15]. However variable exposure to prenatal androgens may be responsible for the spectrum of endocrine and metabolic disturbances characteristic of this syndrome [16][17]. PCOS produces symptoms in approximately 5-10% of women of reproductive age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far only a few studies [13,[16][17] have attempted to correlate PCOS and 2D:4D ratio. Numerous methods are used in the assessment of 2D:4D, however, some are not reliable enough and others are difficult to perform in large epidemiological studies [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Digit ratio (2D:4D): A Potential Anatomical Biomarker for Predicting the risk of development of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Pandit¹,

Setiya²,

Yadav³

et al. 2016

IOSR

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Section: Digit Ratio (2d:4d): a Potential Anatomical Biomarker For Prcontrasting

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Digit ratio (2D:4D): A Potential Anatomical Biomarker for Predicting the risk of development of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Pandit¹,

Setiya²,

Yadav³

et al. 2016

IOSR

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“…Total testosterone was measured by isotope dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry as previously described (27). Intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were <10% for both assays.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Follicle number, not assessments of the ovarian stroma, represents the best ultrasonographic marker of polycystic ovary syndrome

Christ

Willis

Brooks

et al. 2014

Fertility and Sterility

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Objective To compare the diagnostic potential of ultrasonographic markers of ovarian morphology, used alone or in combination, to predict PCOS. Design A diagnostic test study using cross-sectional data collected from 2006 to 2011. Setting Academic hospital and clinical research unit. Participants 82 women with PCOS and 60 healthy female volunteers. Interventions None. Main Outcome Measures Follicle number per ovary (FNPO), ovarian volume (OV), follicle number per single cross-section (FNPS), follicle distribution pattern, stromal area, ovarian area, stromal to ovarian area ratio (S:A) and stromal index (SI). Results FNPO best predicted PCOS (R2=67%) with 85% sensitivity and 98% specificity, followed by OV (R2=44%), and FNPS (R2=36%). Neither S:AnorSI had predictive power for PCOS. In combination, FNPO+S:A and FNPO+SI most significantly predicted PCOS (R2=74% vs.73%, respectively). The diagnostic potentials of OV and FNPS were substantially improved when used in combination (OV+FNPO,R2=55%). Conclusions As a single metric, FNPO best predicted PCOS. While the addition of S:Aor SI improved the predictive power of FNPO, gains were marginal suggesting limited use in clinical practice. When image quality precludes a reliable estimation of FNPO, measurements of OV+FNPS provide the next closest level of diagnostic potential.

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“…Women born from opposite sex-twins, for example, do not display an increased prevalence of PCOS-like features, although presumably they share a prenatal environment with a male co-twin that increases their exposure to testosterone 15 . Using relative finger length as an anatomical marker of in utero androgen exposure, some 16–17 , but not all 18–19 , PCOS women have altered length of the second finger relative to the fourth finger as a male characteristic that correlates with hyperandrogenism and ovarian volume (Table 1) 18–20 . Adult female rhesus monkeys with PCOS-like features induced by early-to-midgestation testosterone excess also exhibit alteration of the same finger length ratio, implying an association between PCOS and finger length mediated by prenatal androgen excess 21 .…”

Section: Endocrine Antecedent To Pcosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrauterine Environment and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

et al. 2014

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The maternal-fetal environment plays an important role in developmental programming of adult disease. Metabolic and hormonal dysfunction during human fetal development accompanies gestational diabetes as a common occurrence in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) mothers, while human fetal androgen excess from congenital adrenal hyperplasia or virilizing tumors precedes PCOS-like symptoms after birth. To date, clinical studies of infant blood levels at term have yet to confirm that human fetal androgen excess promotes PCOS development after birth. Earlier in development, however, circulating androgen levels in the second trimester female human fetus can normally rise into the male range. Furthermore, midgestational amniotic testosterone levels are elevated in female fetuses of PCOS compared to normal mothers and might influence fetal development, since experimentally-induced fetal androgen excess in animals produces a PCOS-like phenotype with reproductive and metabolic dysfunction. Such alterations in the maternal-fetal environment likely program adult PCOS by epigenetic modifications of genetic susceptibility of the fetus to PCOS after birth. Understanding this phenomenon requires advanced fetal surveillance technologies and postnatal assessment of midgestational androgen exposure for new clinical strategies to improve reproduction in PCOS women, optimize long-term health of their offspring, and minimize susceptibility to acquiring PCOS in future generations.

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Digit ratios do not serve as anatomical evidence of prenatal androgen exposure in clinical phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract: Women with PCOS do not demonstrate finger length patterns that are consistent with increased prenatal androgen exposure. These findings do not preclude a role for prenatal androgens in the development of PCOS; however, low 2D:4D are not a characteristic of PCOS.

Cited by 45 publications

References 43 publications

Digit ratio (2D:4D): A Potential Anatomical Biomarker for Predicting the risk of development of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Digit ratio (2D:4D): A Potential Anatomical Biomarker for Predicting the risk of development of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Follicle number, not assessments of the ovarian stroma, represents the best ultrasonographic marker of polycystic ovary syndrome

Intrauterine Environment and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

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