Digit Symbol Performance and Self-Report of Anxiety

Firetto, Anthony; Davey, Heather M.; Walker, Ronald E.

doi:10.2466/pms.1972.35.2.382

Percept Mot Skills

1972

DOI: 10.2466/pms.1972.35.2.382

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Digit Symbol Performance and Self-Report of Anxiety

Anthony Firetto

Heather M. Davey

Ronald E. Walker

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Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…However, studies have linked anxiety with lower performance on other selected neuropsychological tests, especially tests of learning and memory (Gass, 1996;Kizilbash, Vanderploeg, & Curtiss, 2002) and executive functions (Gass, Ansley, & Boyette, 1994;Ross, Putnam, Gass, Bailey, & Adams, 2003). Test anxiety, which presumably reflects greater situational specificity than trait anxiety, has shown mixed results in relation to a variety of cognitive tests, including measures of attention and executive function (Gass et al, 2005), processing speed (Firetto, Walker, & Davey, 1972), reading comprehension (Minnaert, 1999), and working memory (Darke, 1988;Ikeda & Iwanga, 1996;Lee, 1999). In a study involving the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Third Edition (WAIS-III) (Gass & Curiel, 2011), test anxiety was largely unrelated to performance across the major Wechsler index scores.…”

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confidence: 97%

Psychological variables and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV performance

Gass

Gutiérrez

2016

Applied Neuropsychology: Adult

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The MMPI-2 and WAIS-IV are commonly used together in neuropsychological evaluations yet little is known about their interrelationships. This study explored the potential influence of psychological factors on WAIS-IV performance in a sample of 180 predominantly male veteran referrals that underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological examination in a VA Medical Center. Exclusionary criteria included failed performance validity testing and self-report distortion on the MMPI-2. A Principal Components Analysis was performed on the 15 MMPI-2 content scales, yielding three broader higher-order psychological dimensions: Internalized Emotional Dysfunction (IED), Externalized Emotional Dysfunction (EED), and Fear. Level of IED was not related to performance on the WAIS-IV Full Scale IQ or its four indexes: (Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Reasoning, Working Memory, and Processing Speed). EED was not related to WAIS-IV performance. Level of Fear, which encompasses health preoccupations (HEA) and distorted perceptions (BIZ), was significantly related to WAIS-IV Full Scale IQ and Verbal Comprehension. These results challenge the common use of high scores on the MMPI-2 IED measures (chiefly depression and anxiety) to explain deficient WAIS-IV performance. In addition, they provide impetus for further investigation of the relation between verbal intelligence and Fear.

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confidence: 97%

Psychological variables and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV performance

Gass

Gutiérrez

2016

Applied Neuropsychology: Adult

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“…Data linking anxiety with lower than expected performance on neuropsychological tests are especially described in tests of memory and learning (172,177). Other studies found relationship between anxiety and worse than expected scores for different cognitive domains as attention and executive function (182,193,194), processing speed (195), reading comprehension (196) and also for working memory (193,(197)(198)(199).…”

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confidence: 98%

Cognitive Dysfunction and Its Predictors in Adult Patients With Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy: A Cross-Sectional Correlational Study

Wazqar¹

2019

Journal of Nursing Research

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À Deus por me amparar nos momentos difíceis, me dar força interior para superar as dificuldades, mostrar os caminho nas horas incertas e me suprir em todas as minhas necessidades. Muito especialmente, desejo agradecer ao meu orientador Prof. Doutor Nuno Lunet, pela disponibilidade, atenção dispensada, paciência, dedicação e profissionalismo. À minha co-orientadora, Filipa Fontes, por tanto cuidado, atenção, incentivo e pela disponibilidade em tempo integral. Aos colegas do Mestrado em Saúde Pública do ISPUP pelo companheirismo e pelos momentos de entusiasmo partilhados em conjunto. À minha irmã, pelos momentos de suporte e carinho. Ao meu marido, Tarcisio, pelo incentivo, compreensão e encorajamento, durante todo este período. Ao meu pai, por ter me dado o dom precioso da vida, o carinho e pelo apoio em minhas escolhas. À minha mãe, pelo exemplo de força e superação, pelo exemplo de vida e por ter me ensinado que o maior bem adquirido em nossas vidas é a educação e o conhecimento pois estes nada nos pode tirar. 12 Background: Cognitive decline associated with breast cancer diagnosis and treatment has been increasingly described. We aimed to quantify the association between cancer treatments and cognitive decline in early stage breast cancer patients during the first year of follow-up, taking into account the potential effect modification of anxiety before treatment. Patients and Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study that included 506 women with newly diagnosed breast cancer, followed for one year. Patients were evaluated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) before starting treatment and at the 1-year follow-up. We described standardized scores of the mean variation in each MoCA subdomain between the two evaluations, and used Poisson regression to compute adjusted relative risks (RR) and corresponding 95%CI for the relation between different patients' and treatments' characteristics and cognitive decline, according to the patients' anxiety status at baseline. Results: During the first year after diagnosis, 34 patients presented cognitive decline and 38.0% were classified as having anxiety prior to treatment. Within each subdomain of the MoCA, the participants with cognitive decline had a significantly higher variation in the attention and memory subdomains, among those without anxiety, and for attention, visuospatial/executive function and orientation, for those anxious. The presence of anxiety at baseline was not significantly associated with cognitive decline (RR=1.43 95%CI: 0.73, 2.81), but modified the effect of chemotherapy (P for interaction=0.030), with the RR for chemotherapy being higher among patients with no anxiety prior to treatment (adjusted RR=4.35, 95%CI: 1.26, 15.02, for schemes including doxorubicin + cyclophosphamide). Conclusions: Anxiety modified the association between chemotherapy and cognitive decline; among women with no anxiety at baseline the risk of cognitive decline was four-fold higher among patients undergoing c...

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“…Relatively few empirical studies have addressed the impact of situational test anxiety on global measures of neurocognitive functioning. Of the few investigations conducted, anxiety has been linked to poorer performance on neuropsychological tests, especially on measures of learning and memory (Gass, 1996; Kizilbash, Vanderploeg, & Curtiss, 2002), attention and executive function (Gass et al, 2005), processing speed (Firetto, Walker, & Davey, 1972; Lee et al, 2007), reading comprehension (Minnaert, 1999), and working memory (Darke, 1988; Ikeda, Iwanaga, & Seiwa, 1996; Lee, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

Mild test anxiety influences neurocognitive performance among African Americans and European Americans: Identifying interfering and facilitating sources.

Thames¹,

Panos

Arentoft

et al. 2015

Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology

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The current study examined ethnic/racial differences in test-related anxiety and its relationship to neurocognitive performance in a community sample of African American (n = 40) and European American (n = 36) adults. The authors hypothesized the following: (a) Test-anxiety related to negative performance evaluation would be associated with lower neurocognitive performance, whereas anxiety unrelated to negative evaluation would be associated with higher neurocognitive performance. (b) African American participants would report higher levels of anxiety about negative performance evaluation than European Americans. (c) European Americans would report higher levels of anxiety unrelated to negative performance evaluation. The first two hypotheses were supported: Ethnic/racial differences in test-taking anxiety emerged such that African Americans reported significantly higher levels of negative performance evaluation, which was associated with lower cognitive performance. The third hypothesis was not supported: African Americans and European Americans reported similar levels of test-anxiety unrelated to negative evaluation.

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Digit Symbol Performance and Self-Report of Anxiety

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

Psychological variables and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV performance

Psychological variables and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV performance

Cognitive Dysfunction and Its Predictors in Adult Patients With Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy: A Cross-Sectional Correlational Study

Mild test anxiety influences neurocognitive performance among African Americans and European Americans: Identifying interfering and facilitating sources.

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