Digital Analysis of the Transformation of Institutions in the Knowledge and Innovation System of the Handmade Carpet Industry

Abstract

The Indian handmade carpet industry has various economic, social and national dimensions. The rich diversity of Indian carpets is a symbol of different cultures and traditions in this country like India and Iran. To ensure the sustainability of the knowledge digital and innovation system of the handmade carpet industry, in addition to considering the dominant approaches of the innovation systems, attention should be paid to the transformative approach that pursues holistic transformation in the production and consumption systems. The present study aims to identify formal transformation institutions, classify them into main categories and analyse them based on the production step, approval date, institution type and geographical area of approval. Based on the results, there are 316 formal institutions in the handmade carpet industry. By open coding, 372 concepts were extracted from 509 concepts derived from different formal transformation institutions. Based on the axial coding, the formal institutions were divided into six initial categories of ‘carpet authority’, ‘carpet sales and maintenance inside India’, ‘handmade carpet exports and imports’, ‘carpet production infrastructure’, ‘handmade carpet production’ and ‘sanitary-therapeutic category’. At the next step, the matrix of the main categories based on different production steps was drawn. Among the main categories, the highest frequency is related to the category of ‘carpet production infrastructure’ and the subcategory of ‘financial supply of carpet’. Although there are a lot of formal institutions that support production, carpet weavers as the main people involved in production have received minimum support during their working years due to unawareness of supports and loan conditions.

Effect of Digital and Financial Awareness of Household Womens on the Use of Fin-Tech in India: Observing the Relation with (Utaut) Model

“…The statement is valid as the findings of the study are only indicating the mediating role of facilitating conditions rather than any other variable of the UTAUT model. Therefore, legitimate to declare the study is inconsistent with, Yadav et al [34] . The same author [35] and Yadav et al [36] , indicated per-formance expectancy and effort expectancy as the potent variables associated with the adoption of Fin-Tech.…”

“…Cronbach's Alpha (α), Goldstein rho & composite reliability. However, according to Nunnally [21] , the values of Cronbach's Alpha and Composite Reliability must be greater than 0.7 and Goldstein rho is also termed as a better reliability evaluator than Cronbach's Alpha, Žukauskas [20] and Yadav et al [41] . Therefore, in association with these criteria table is suffi- ciently fulfilling the requirements of internal reliability (α), construct reliability, and composite reliability.…”

“…A similar has been done in order to show mediating relationship by Prasad et al [22] , which highlighted the rule of thumb of 0.05 or lower for p-value and 1.97 or above for t-value. Therefore, in the light of the criteria, facilitating condition is the only variable (component) of UTMT Theory which is indicating the mediating relationship between the financial literacy of household females and the use of Fin-Tech during COVID-19 [41] .…”

Hybrid Facial Expression Recognition (FER2013) Model for Real-Time Emotion Classification and Prediction

“…"Magia Raptzen (2011)," the handicraft expert, observed that academicians, researchers, and students can learn the value and potential of craft in terms of marketing economy and supply methods and utilize their knowledge, aptitude, and skills to increase the income of workers and artisan involved in the handicraft industries. The findings show that there is a large gap in the worth and quality of craft for the learners in both the control groups and experimental groups [43].…”

“…So, it must make strategies for their development in the handicraft industry [27]. In the case of formal and informal knowledge transformation in the handmade carpet industry, Yadav et al analyzed the good criteria for the transformation of institutions [26]. To develop business strategies for upgrading the handicraft artisan's skills, there is a need for special strategies [31].…”