Digital Design Literacy in K-12 Education

Christensen, Kasper Skov

doi:10.7146/aul.358

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 167 publications

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“…High antibody levels in the assay used were defined as being similar to the values found in pregnant group B streptococcal carriers who without exception gave birth to healthy infants as found in a previous. study (7). Low antibody levels on the other hand, were similar to the antibody levels found in mothers of infants, that developed group B streptococcal invasive disease (7).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 65%

“…study (7). Low antibody levels on the other hand, were similar to the antibody levels found in mothers of infants, that developed group B streptococcal invasive disease (7). Classical and alternative pathway functions were normal in both sera.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 64%

“…207), I1 (W 25121) and 111 (no. W 25206) was performed using I-labeled protein, A from Sfaphylococcus aureus as previously described (6). In brief, the sera to be tested were first absorbed with a group B streptococcal strain without type antigens (no.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Opsonization of Group B Streptococci in Properdin Deficient Serum

Söderström

Braconier

Christensen

et al. 1985

Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica Series C: Immunolo

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Phagocytic killing of group B streptococci serotypes Ia, Ib, IIR‐ (R protein negative), IIR+ (R protein positive), IIIR‐ and IIIR+ by human granulocytes was studied after opsonization in properdin deficient serum, pooled normal human serum and in selected sera with high or low concentrations of antibody to group B streptococci. All serotypes were killed by granulocytes after opsonization in normal serum, but serotype IIIR‐ was comparatively resistant. Properdin deficient serum showed no opsonic activity for type IIIR‐. A reduced opsonic capacity of properdin deficient serum for serotypes Ib and IIR+ was demonstrated, whereas the other serotypes were efficiently opsonized. The reduced or absent opsonic activity of properdin deficient serum could be restored by addition of purified properdin. Antibody levels did not appear to be limiting in the assay system. Blocking of C1 activation with MgEGTA in normal serum delayed, but did not abolish opsonization of the various group B streptococcal serotypes, while the opsonic activity in chelated properdin deficient serum was markedly reduced. Taken together, the findings suggest that an intact classical pathway is crucial in group B streptococcal opsonization. However, efficient opsonization of some strains apparently requires that C3 activation on the bacterial surface is amplified through recruitment of the alternative pathway.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 64%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Opsonization of Group B Streptococci in Properdin Deficient Serum

Söderström

Braconier

Christensen

et al. 1985

Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica Series C: Immunolo

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“…Another possibility is to consider that each site of an infinite lattice has a small probability of dissipating an amount of energy E c /q when it topples, instead of transferring it to a certain neighbor. This procedure, that represents the assumption of random boundaries, implies that when a site receives a toppling from some neighbor, it has a small probability of not to accept the amount of energy E c /q, that is lost [30]. This dissipation can be included as a new term in the noise, and Eq.…”

Section: Models and Symmetriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symmetries and fixed point stability of stochastic differential equations modeling self-organized criticality

Corral

Dı́az-Guilera

1997

Phys. Rev. E

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A stochastic nonlinear partial differential equation is constructed for two different models exhibiting selforganized criticality: the Bak-Tang-Wiesenfeld ͑BTW͒ sandpile model ͓Phys. Rev. Lett. 59, 381 ͑1987͒; Phys. Rev. A 38, 364 ͑1988͔͒ and the Zhang model ͓Phys. Rev. Lett. 63, 470 ͑1989͔͒. The dynamic renormalization group ͑DRG͒ enables one to compute the critical exponents. However, the nontrivial stable fixed point of the DRG transformation is unreachable for the original parameters of the models. We introduce an alternative regularization of the step function involved in the threshold condition, which breaks the symmetry of the BTW model. Although the symmetry properties of the two models are different, it is shown that they both belong to the same universality class. In this case the DRG procedure leads to a symmetric behavior for both models, restoring the broken symmetry, and makes accessible the nontrivial fixed point. This technique could also be applied to other problems with threshold dynamics. ͓S1063-651X͑97͒04603-5͔

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“…The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was tested for each locus, within the GS and GF groups (HWE P), with 1 degree of freedom. 44,45 Haplotypes were inferred using PHASE, version 2.0.2. 46,47 Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons 48 was applied to extended haplotypes, using the formula P c ¼ kP (P c represents the corrected probability, and k ¼ the number of comparisons performed in individual genes), with the restriction that P c 1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%