Digital image source coder forensics via intrinsic fingerprints

Abstract

Abstract-Recent development in multimedia processing and network technologies has facilitated the distribution and sharing of multimedia through networks, and increased the security demands of multimedia contents. Traditional image content protection schemes use extrinsic approaches, such as watermarking or fingerprinting. However, under many circumstances, extrinsic content protection is not possible. Therefore, there is great interest in developing forensic tools via intrinsic fingerprints to solve these problems. Source coding is a common step of natural image acquisition, so in this paper, we focus on the fundamental research on digital image source coder forensics via intrinsic fingerprints. First, we investigate the unique intrinsic fingerprint of many popular image source encoders, including transform-based coding (both discrete cosine transform and discrete wavelet transform based), subband coding, differential image coding, and also block processing as the traces of evidence. Based on the intrinsic fingerprint of image source encoders, we construct an image source coding forensic detector that identifies which source encoder is applied, what the coding parameters are along with confidence measures of the result. Our simulation results show that the proposed system provides trustworthy performance: for most test cases, the probability of detecting the correct source encoder is over 90%.

A Tailored Anti-forensic Technique for Digital Image Applications

“…[19][20] The proposed algorithm can be used to fool most of the existing techniques created for JPEG detection to identify bitmap image compression history. When images undergoes through JPEG compression it will leave some quantization coefficients as evidence [1] [6]. In this paper these are discussed first and then a method is proposed for hiding compression history in the bitmap images.…”

A Tailored Anti-Forensic Approach for Bitmap Compression in Medical Images

“…[19][20] The proposed algorithm can be used to fool most of the existing techniques created for JPEG detection to identify bitmap image compression history. When images undergoes through JPEG compression it will leave some quantization coefficients as evidence [1] [6]. In this paper these are discussed first and then a method is proposed for hiding compression history in the bitmap images If one want to ensure that the image is rendered, it is desirable to understand the artifacts that images have.…”

Anti-forensics of digital image compression

“…We then removed image compression fingerprints from each image by adding anti-forensic dither to each image's DWT coefficients. Finally, we used the compression detection technique developed by Lin et al [7] to test each image for evidence of prior wavelet-based compression. This detector was trained using the uncompressed and SPIHT compressed images, resulting in a classification rule that was able to correctly identify 99.8% of the SPIHT compressed images while only mis-classifying 2.0% of the uncompressed images.…”

“…Techniques have been developed to determine if an image saved in a lossless format has ever undergone JPEG compression [6], [7] or other types of image compression including wavelet-based techniques [7]. If evidence of JPEG compression is detected, the quantization table used during compression can be estimated [6].…”