Digital solid-state transistorized apparatus for analytical measurements

Amperometric titrations

“…Titrators with a delay unit to allow complete mixing (73), with titrant generation controlled by the detection system (44) and with a memory block that automates sample addition and exchange of electrolyte (295) have been patented. Automatic titrators with transistorized circuitry (27), constructed by altering a potentiometric titrator (106), featuring increased sensitivity (116), or incorporating a filter to reduce current fluctuations (60, 61) have been reported. Automatic correction for dilution by the titrant is available (61).…”

“…In a critical evaluation of biamperometric and bipotentiometric titration with this reagent, sodium tartrate dihydrate was found to be unreliable as a standard because of water occluded inside the crystal structure (25). Some examples of biamperometric titration with Karl Fischer reagent are the determination of water in ethanol (27), acetonitrile and other organic solvents (181), silicone compounds (166), and resins (91, 301). Tertiary or ß-unsaturated alcohols have been determined through dehydration by boiling with p-toluenesulfonic acid suspended in toluene.…”

Rapid, instrumental neutron activation analysis for the determination of uranium in environmental matrixes. Reply to comments

“…paratively wide range for a very long time and does not require the use of reactives and, consequently, of standard- being in direct contact with the liquid, is the same as used in oscillometry (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6). An alteration of the conductivity due to the variation of the ionic concentration varies the cell response, consequently causing a frequency displacement of the oscillating circuit to which it is connected (7)(8)(9).…”