Digitally connected, socially disconnected: The effects of relying on technology rather than other people

Kushlev, Kostadin; Proulx, Jason D. E.; Dunn, Elizabeth W.

doi:10.1016/j.chb.2017.07.001

Cited by 64 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…However, several longitudinal studies have found that increases in recreational screen time precede lower psychological well-being among children and adolescents ( Allen and Vella, 2015 ; Babic et al, 2017 ; Hinkley et al, 2014 ; Kim, 2017 ) as well as among adults ( Kross et al, 2013 ; Schmiedeberg and Schröder, 2017 ; Shakya and Christakis, 2017 ). In addition, experiments have shown that the presence of smartphones can lower enjoyment during social interactions (e.g., Dwyer et al, 2018 ; Kushlev et al, 2017 ) and that abstaining from social media use for one week can increase well-being ( Tromholt, 2016 ). In other studies, the relationship appears to be reciprocal, with screen time and well-being each causing the other ( Gunnell et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between screen time and lower psychological well-being among children and adolescents: Evidence from a population-based study

Twenge

Campbell

2018

Preventive Medicine Reports

586

295

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Previous research on associations between screen time and psychological well-being among children and adolescents has been conflicting, leading some researchers to question the limits on screen time suggested by physician organizations. We examined a large (n = 40,337) national random sample of 2- to 17-year-old children and adolescents in the U.S. in 2016 that included comprehensive measures of screen time (including cell phones, computers, electronic devices, electronic games, and TV) and an array of psychological well-being measures. After 1 h/day of use, more hours of daily screen time were associated with lower psychological well-being, including less curiosity, lower self-control, more distractibility, more difficulty making friends, less emotional stability, being more difficult to care for, and inability to finish tasks. Among 14- to 17-year-olds, high users of screens (7+ h/day vs. low users of 1 h/day) were more than twice as likely to ever have been diagnosed with depression (RR 2.39, 95% CI 1.54, 3.70), ever diagnosed with anxiety (RR 2.26, CI 1.59, 3.22), treated by a mental health professional (RR 2.22, CI 1.62, 3.03) or have taken medication for a psychological or behavioral issue (RR 2.99, CI 1.94, 4.62) in the last 12 months. Moderate use of screens (4 h/day) was also associated with lower psychological well-being. Non-users and low users of screens generally did not differ in well-being. Associations between screen time and lower psychological well-being were larger among adolescents than younger children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between screen time and lower psychological well-being among children and adolescents: Evidence from a population-based study

Twenge

Campbell

2018

Preventive Medicine Reports

586

295

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“…In this section we focus on the relevance of community to individual wellbeing, a major focus of our original GENIAL model (Kemp, Arias, & Fisher, 2017). Unfortunately, there is much evidence to suggest that community is deteriorating (Kushlev, Proulx, & Dunn, 2017;Twenge, 2013;Twenge, 2014;Putnam, 2001). The reasons for this are complicated, but may involve a host of interconnected societal issues including generational shifts in narcissism (Twenge, 2013;Twenge, 2014), declines in perspective taking and empathic concern (Konrath, O'Brien, & Hsing, 2010), increasing individualism (versus collectivism) in western society (Heu, van Zomeren, & Hansen, 2018;Brewer & Chen, 2007), and inequalities (Scheffer, van Bavel, van de Leemput, & van Nes, 2017;Scheidel, 2017; The Spirit Level: Why Equality is Better for Everyone, 2010; Nolan & Valenzuela, 2019).…”

Section: Focus On Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking wellbeing: Toward a more ethical science of wellbeing that considers current and future generations

Mead¹,

Fisher²,

Wilkie³

et al.

Authorea

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The construct of wellbeing has been criticised as a neoliberal construction of western individualism that ignores wider systemic issues including increasing burden of chronic disease, widening inequality, concerns over environmental degradation and anthropogenic climate change. While these criticisms overlook recent developments, there remains a need for biopsychosocial models that extend theoretical grounding beyond individual wellbeing, incorporating overlapping contextual issues relating to community and environment. Our first GENIAL model (Kemp, Arias, & Fisher, 2017) provided a more expansive view of pathways to longevity in the context of individual health and wellbeing, emphasising bidirectional links to positive social ties and the impact of sociocultural factors. In this paper, we build on these ideas and propose GENIAL 2.0, focusing on intersecting individual-communityenvironmental contributions to health and wellbeing, and laying an evidence-based, theoretical framework on which future research and innovative therapeutic innovations could be based. We suggest that our transdisciplinary model of wellbeing-focusing on individual, community and environmental contributions to personal wellbeing-will help to move the research field forward. In reconceptualising wellbeing, GENIAL 2.0 bridges the gap between psychological science and population health health systems, and presents opportunities for enhancing the health and wellbeing of people living with chronic conditions. Implications for future generations including the very survival of our species are discussed.

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“…Some studies show that mobile devices and digital technologies have the potential to offer both economic and social benefits (Misra, et al, 2016), which could support public retail environments like QSM by improving the sociability of the retail experience. Studies investigating the effects of over-reliance on technology suggest that further research is needed to understand how people can best receive the social benefits possible from mobile phone use in non-digital environments (Kushlev et al, 2017). Given the wide-spread adoption of smart devices worldwide, further research into ways of supporting social behaviour in public spaces through mobile phone use should be conducted to better understand this increasingly relevant issue.…”

Section: Mobile Phonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of outdoor seating spaces on sociability in public retail environments

Oram

Baguley

Swain

2018

jps

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Seating is an important contributor to the social effectiveness of public spaces, due to its ability to support stay activities. This paper focuses on the contributions seating makes to sociability in Queen Street Mall in Brisbane, a public space where limited qualitative assessment has been conducted on seating use and social behaviour. Assessments were made on the sociability of Queen Street Mall through initial observations, online surveys and secondary observations. Common findings across all research methods suggest that the design of Queen Street Mall prioritises pedestrian movement pathways in the interest of adjacent retail centres, creating an environment that struggles to encourage social behaviour. To improve the social use of this space, seating environments should be redesigned to prioritise prolonged outdoor stay activity and increased provisions for shading and sheltering should be provided. Given the impending growth of the Brisbane population, it is important that public spaces in Queen Street Mall are designed to best serve an increasing number of local visitors.

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Digitally connected, socially disconnected: The effects of relying on technology rather than other people

Cited by 64 publications

References 38 publications

Associations between screen time and lower psychological well-being among children and adolescents: Evidence from a population-based study

Associations between screen time and lower psychological well-being among children and adolescents: Evidence from a population-based study

Rethinking wellbeing: Toward a more ethical science of wellbeing that considers current and future generations

Effects of outdoor seating spaces on sociability in public retail environments

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