“…Digitization has both expanded information by generating new data from digital footprints and made otherwise outdated information available to analyze. Digitization services are provided by businesses that interact with fintech companies in the back end, most notably biometrics (Bertoni et al 2022;Bollaert, Lopez-de-Silanes, and Schwienbacher 2021;D'Acunto, Prabhala, and Rossi, 2019). Third, advances in big data analytics, artificial intelligence/machine learning, and computing capacity have facilitated analyzing a large amount of data and incorporating the analysis into financial decision-making (Bazarbash, 2019).…”