“…Chirasombutti (2007), too, provided a historical review of language contact in Thailand (e.g., Khmer, Pāli and Sanskrit languages were in contact with Thai during the Sukhothai period (1292-1536); Burmese, Tamil, Lao, Vietnamese, Chinese, Dutch, French, Japanese, Khmer, Malay, Javanese, Mon, Persian, Arabic and Portuguese languages were in contact with Thai during the Ayutthaya period (1350-1781); and the English, French and Russian languages were in contact with Thai during the Bangkok period (1782-present)). The recent model, proposed by Alexander and McCargo (2014), saw the use of Issan (Northeastern Thai) and standard Thai as a diglossia, thereby constituted a recent update.…”