2014
DOI: 10.1111/josl.12064
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Diglossia and identity in Northeast Thailand: Linguistic, social, and political hierarchy

Abstract: We conducted field research mainly among university students in Ubon Ratchathani, a northeastern border province by drawing upon data from survey questionnaires, reflective essays, interviews, and field observations. The findings suggest a transitional diglossic relationship in which Central Thai is the High and phasa isan the Low variety. These relationships are discussed in terms of nationalism, social hierarchy, and language maintenance and shift.

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Cited by 36 publications
(7 citation statements)
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“…The Isan people have historically been excluded from political power, sometimes through violent means (Keyes 2014). A regional identity has formed (McCargo and Hongladarom 2004;Alexander and McCargo 2014), and the region gained some political prominence under the administration of Thaksin Shinawatra (2001Shinawatra ( -2006, but ethno-regional mobilization remains minimal (Ricks 2019a).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The Isan people have historically been excluded from political power, sometimes through violent means (Keyes 2014). A regional identity has formed (McCargo and Hongladarom 2004;Alexander and McCargo 2014), and the region gained some political prominence under the administration of Thaksin Shinawatra (2001Shinawatra ( -2006, but ethno-regional mobilization remains minimal (Ricks 2019a).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…And in Thailand, standard Thai is the official tongue and is used in politics, but the Isan people of northeastern Thailand make up almost 30 percent of the country's population. They are ethnically Lao and speak a version of Lao at home, referred to in Thailand as Isan language, and maintain a distinctive regional identity (Alexander and McCargo 2014). Language is the primary marker that distinguishes Isan people from other Thai citizens (see Liu and Ricks 2022; Ricks forthcoming).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Domestic academics and the people themselves have also adopted these distinctions (Keyes, 2014). However, Alexander and McCargo (2014) assert that, because ethnic assimilation also affected people of the majority Tai group living in these geographic regions, inclusion of minorities in the Thai national identity was only a partial process. Consequently, 'complex, contested ethno-regional identit[ies]' emerged on linguistic continua between Thai and, variously, Lao, Malay and Burmese (Enfield, 2002;McCargo and Hongladarom, 2004).…”
Section: Literature Reviewmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Chirasombutti (2007), too, provided a historical review of language contact in Thailand (e.g., Khmer, Pāli and Sanskrit languages were in contact with Thai during the Sukhothai period (1292-1536); Burmese, Tamil, Lao, Vietnamese, Chinese, Dutch, French, Japanese, Khmer, Malay, Javanese, Mon, Persian, Arabic and Portuguese languages were in contact with Thai during the Ayutthaya period (1350-1781); and the English, French and Russian languages were in contact with Thai during the Bangkok period (1782-present)). The recent model, proposed by Alexander and McCargo (2014), saw the use of Issan (Northeastern Thai) and standard Thai as a diglossia, thereby constituted a recent update.…”
Section: Literature Review Multilingualism Studies In Thailandmentioning
confidence: 99%