Dimensional Reduction for 6D Vibrotactile Display

Zhang, Ruisi; Schwehr, Trevor J.; Abbott, Jake J.

doi:10.1109/toh.2020.2966483

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…They investigated 1D vibration detection thresholds for each axis as well as the effects of the physical parameters of the stylus for a precision grasping posture [20]. Furthermore, they used perceptual results gathered with this device to propose a six-to-one (621) dimensional reduction matrix that can effectively convert 6D vibrations into 1D at a single frequency (108 Hz) [21] or at a range of frequencies from 20 to 250 Hz [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perceptual Space of Algorithms for Three-to-One Dimensional Reduction of Realistic Vibrations

Lee

Tombak

Park

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Haptics

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Haptics researchers often endeavor to deliver realistic vibrotactile feedback through broad-bandwidth actuators; however, these actuators typically generate only single-axis vibrations, not 3D vibrations like those that occur in natural tool-mediated interactions. Several three-to-one (321) dimensional reduction algorithms have thus been developed to combine 3D vibrations into 1D vibrations. Surprisingly, the perceptual quality of 321-converted vibrations has never been comprehensively compared to rendering of the original 3D signals. In this study, we develop a multi-dimensional vibration rendering system using a magnetic levitation haptic interface. We verify the system's ability to generate realistic 3D vibrations recorded in both tapping and dragging interactions with four surfaces. We then conduct a study with 15 participants to measure the perceived dissimilarities between five 321 algorithms (SAZ, SUM, VM, DFT, PCA) and the original recordings. The resulting perceptual space is investigated with multiple regression and Procrustes analysis to unveil the relationship between the physical and perceptual properties of 321-converted vibrations. Surprisingly, we found that participants perceptually discriminated the original 3D vibrations from all tested 1D versions. Overall, our results indicate that spectral, temporal, and directional attributes may all contribute to the perceived similarities of vibration signals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to the approach of Zhang et al [21], this paper introduces a multi-dimensional vibration rendering system built around magnetic actuation. After careful characterization, this system can provide realistic vibration feedback, playing broad-bandwidth vibrations simultaneously along multiple axes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptual Space of Algorithms for Three-to-One Dimensional Reduction of Realistic Vibrations

Lee

Tombak

Park

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Haptics

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show abstract

“…compared to traditional pin array interfaces. The use of 3-DoF omnidirectional electromagnets in haptic feedback has been explored previously [15], [16]. However, it should be noted that these examples focus on graspable interactions; here we present a haptic display based on moving pins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hedgehog: Handheld Spherical Pin Array based on a Central Electromagnetic Actuator

Abler

Zárate

Langerak

et al. 2021

2021 IEEE World Haptics Conference (WHC)

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We present Hedgehog, a single-actuator spherical pin-array device that produces cutaneous haptic sensations to the user's palms. Hedgehog can enrich digital experiences by providing dynamic haptic patterns over a spherical surface using a simple, hand-held device. The key to our design is that it uses a single central actuator, a spherical omnidirectional electromagnet, to control the extension of all the 86 movable pins. This keeps our design simple to fabricate and scalable. A core challenge with this type of design is that the pins in the array, made out of permanent magnets, need to have a stable position when retracted. We present a method to compute such an arrays' spatial stability, evaluate our hardware implementation in terms of its output force and pin's extension and compare it against our method's predictions. We also report our findings from three user studies investigating the perceived force and speed of traveling patterns. Finally, we present insights on the possible applications of Hedgehog.

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Hybrid Force-Moment Braking Pulse: A Haptic Illusion to Increase the Perceived Hardness of Virtual Surfaces

Pourkand

Abbott

2020

IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett.

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Dimensional Reduction for 6D Vibrotactile Display

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Perceptual Space of Algorithms for Three-to-One Dimensional Reduction of Realistic Vibrations

Perceptual Space of Algorithms for Three-to-One Dimensional Reduction of Realistic Vibrations

Hedgehog: Handheld Spherical Pin Array based on a Central Electromagnetic Actuator

Hybrid Force-Moment Braking Pulse: A Haptic Illusion to Increase the Perceived Hardness of Virtual Surfaces

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