Dimensional transformation and morphological control of graphitic carbon nitride from water-based supramolecular assembly for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution: from 3D to 2D and 1D nanostructures

Zhou, Bing‐Xin; Ding, Shuangshuang; Zhang, Bei-Jing; Xu, Lei; Chen, Ruo-Shi; Luo, Leng; Huang, Wei‐Qing; Xie, Zhong; Pan, Anlian; Huang, Gui‐Fang

doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2019.05.015

Cited by 151 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…All the samples present similar diffraction pattern, confirming the precursor produced by this method are the mixture structure of residual free melamine molecules and CM supramolecular aggregates. The residual free melamine molecules will be adsorbed on CM supramolecular aggregates . The subsequent thermal polycondensation of the obtained precursor will produce g‐C 3 N 4 /g‐C 3 N 4 homojunction since the electronic band structure of g‐C 3 N 4 derived from different precursors (melamine molecules or melamine–cyanuric acid supramolecular aggregates) is different slightly …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ construction of hierarchical graphitic carbon nitride homojunction as robust bifunctional photoelectrocatalyst for overall water splitting

Luo

Zhang

Han

et al. 2019

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND: Sustainable production of oxygen and hydrogen via catalyst-aided water splitting utilizing solar energy has attracted increasing interest. The primary issue in this field is the development of earth-abundant and active photoelectrocatalytic materials. Herein, a novel hierarchical g-C 3 N 4 /g-C 3 N 4 metal-free homojunction catalyst is synthesized through partial hydrolysis of melamine in alkali and subsequent thermal treatment.RESULTS: The hierarchical g-C 3 N 4 /g-C 3 N 4 metal-free homojunction composed of lamellas features large exposed surface area, abundant interface contact and more channels for mass transfer, making it highly effective for water splitting with a small overpotential of 500 mV at 10 mA cm −2 and low Tafel slope of 93.1 mV dec −1 for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in 1.0 mol L −1 potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution, as well as 259 mV at 10 mA cm −2 and 109.33 mV dec −1 for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in 0.5 mol L −1 sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) solution. Furthermore, the overpotential and Tafel slope further decrease to 383.4 mV and 69.52 mV dec −1 for OER, 150.1 mV and 67.93 mV dec −1 for HER upon visible light irradiation, demonstrating the exceptional photo-responsive catalytic performance, which can be attributed to the direct Z-scheme homojunction resulting in effective charge transfer and •OH and superoxide free radicals produced under visible light irradiation.CONCLUSION: This work provides a facile but effective approach for the construction of metal-free OER/HER bifunctional catalyst with high photo-responsive performance, achieving higher activity for catalyst-assisted water splitting.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ construction of hierarchical graphitic carbon nitride homojunction as robust bifunctional photoelectrocatalyst for overall water splitting

Luo

Zhang

Han

et al. 2019

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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“…The M−CA complex was first prepared by mixing equal mass melamine and cyanuric acid in hot water (90 °C), according to our previous work. [ 17 ] The obtained M−CA complex exhibits uniform hexagonal prism and good dispersibility (Figure S1a, Supporting Information), which is conducive to constructing uniform heterojunctions. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of CN ( Figure b; Figure S1c, Supporting Information) show that the loofah‐like CN composed of cross‐linked nanotubes and nanosheets can be obtained by direct heat treatment M−CA complex.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalized Synthetic Strategy for Amorphous Transition Metal Oxides‐Based 2D Heterojunctions with Superb Photocatalytic Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution

Zhou

Ding

Yang

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

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119

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2D amorphous transition metal oxides (a‐TMOs) heterojunctions that have the synergistic effects of interface (efficiently promoting the separation of electron−hole pairs) and amorphous nature (abundant defects and dangling bonds) have attracted substantial interest as compelling photocatalysts for solar energy conversion. Strategies to facilely construct a‐TMOs‐based 2D/2D heterojunctions is still a big challenge due to the difficulty of preparing individual amorphous counterparts. A generalized synthesis strategy based on supramolecular self‐assembly for bottom–up growth of a‐TMOs‐based 2D heterojunctions is reported, by taking 2D/2D g‐C3N4 (CN)/a‐TMOs heterojunction as a proof‐of‐concept. This strategy primarily depends on controlling the cooperation of the growth of supramolecular precursor and the coordinated covalent bonds arising from the tendency of metal ions to attain the stable configuration of electrons, which is independent on the intrinsic character of individual metal ion, indicating it is universally applicable. As a demonstration, the structure, physical properties, and photocatalytic water‐splitting performance of CN/a‐ZnO heterojunction are systematically studied. The optimized 2D/2D CN/a‐ZnO exhibits enhanced photocatalytic performance, the hydrogen (432.6 µmol h−1 g−1) and oxygen (532.4 µmol h−1 g−1) evolution rate are 15.5 and 12.2 times than bulk CN, respectively. This synthetic strategy is useful to construct 2D a‐TMOs nanomaterials for applications in energy‐related areas and beyond.

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“…[ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. While significant progress has been made on both developing large-scale synthesis and unveiling their exceptional properties, there remain challenges in controlling morphology and proportion of individual nanoscale units, which limits their use in down-to-earth applications [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Particularly one-dimensional (1-D) graphitic structures (e.g., carbon nanotubes) are attractive in that other nanomaterials or functional molecules can be trapped or embedded inside them for advanced multicomponent systems [ 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphitic Nanocup Architectures for Advanced Nanotechnology Applications

et al. 2020

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The synthesis of controllable hollow graphitic architectures can engender revolutionary changes in nanotechnology. Here, we present the synthesis, processing, and possible applications of low aspect ratio hollow graphitic nanoscale architectures that can be precisely engineered into morphologies of (1) continuous carbon nanocups, (2) branched carbon nanocups, and (3) carbon nanotubes–carbon nanocups hybrid films. These complex graphitic nanocup-architectures could be fabricated by using a highly designed short anodized alumina oxide nanochannels, followed by a thermal chemical vapor deposition of carbon. The highly porous film of nanocups is mechanically flexible, highly conductive, and optically transparent, making the film attractive for various applications such as multifunctional and high-performance electrodes for energy storage devices, nanoscale containers for nanogram quantities of materials, and nanometrology.

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Dimensional transformation and morphological control of graphitic carbon nitride from water-based supramolecular assembly for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution: from 3D to 2D and 1D nanostructures

Cited by 151 publications

References 62 publications

In situ construction of hierarchical graphitic carbon nitride homojunction as robust bifunctional photoelectrocatalyst for overall water splitting

In situ construction of hierarchical graphitic carbon nitride homojunction as robust bifunctional photoelectrocatalyst for overall water splitting

Generalized Synthetic Strategy for Amorphous Transition Metal Oxides‐Based 2D Heterojunctions with Superb Photocatalytic Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution

Graphitic Nanocup Architectures for Advanced Nanotechnology Applications

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