Dimensions and Ossification of the Normal Anterior Cranial Fossa in Children

Hughes, David C.; Kaduthodil, M J; Connolly, Daniel; Griffiths, PD

doi:10.3174/ajnr.a2107

Cited by 44 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Moosa et al point out the technical difficulties related to vomer width measurements, related to partial ossification of cranial basis [33]. The anterior part of the facial skeleton undergoes complete ossification before the end of fourth year of life [34]. Our study was conducted on children under 3 years of age, when the ossification of all structures is not complete yet, which may be revealed in the discrepancies of results obtained [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nasal Region Dimensions in Children: A CT Study and Clinical Implications

Likus

Bajor

Gruszczyńska

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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Atresias of nasal cavity, especially in young children, pose an essential problem in children's otolaryngology. Only a few morphometric studies of nasal cavity concerning healthy neonates and young infants without nasal stenosis are available. Multislice computed tomography is a perfect tool enabling a precise evaluation of anatomic structures. The aim of this study was a complex morphometric evaluation of clinically important bone and mucosal structures of nasal cavity and examination of their dependence on age and sex in children up to 3 years of age. 180 children, age range 0–3 years, were divided into 5 age groups, and measurements of 18 distances between skeletal structures and between mucosal structures of nasal cavity were performed on their CT scans. A correlation between the widths of selected bone structures was examined. There were no statistically significant differences in analyzed morphometric parameters between adjacent age groups. The differences were statistically significant only between extreme age groups. There was a correlation between evaluated structures and age. Our results are a valuable supplement of nasal cavity morphometric data of young children. They may be useful in setting reference values of evaluated parameters in children and in diagnosis and planning of surgical treatment in children's otolaryngology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nasal Region Dimensions in Children: A CT Study and Clinical Implications

Likus

Bajor

Gruszczyńska

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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“…It is frequently closed or very small, transmitting an emissary vein from the nose to the superior sagittal sinus. [2][3][4] Absence of complete ossification on computed tomography (CT) scan after age 4 years can be considered abnormal; differential diagnosis of an open foramen cecum would include cephalocele, nasal glioma, metabolic disorder, or dysplasia.…”

Section: Introduction Anterior Skull Base Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endoscopic Endonasal Repair of Congenital Defects of the Anterior Skull Base: Developmental Considerations and Surgical Outcomes

Gump

2015

J Neurol Surg B

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Techniques of endoscopic endonasal surgery, initially developed primarily for intracranial neoplasms, have been adapted to treat a wide variety of pathologies previously addressed with open craniotomy including congenital and acquired defects of the anterior skull base. Congenital defects can lead to herniation of leptomeninges containing cerebrospinal fluid alone or with brain tissue. Specific types of encephalocele can be defined on the basis of the associated abnormal bony anatomy. Endoscopic endonasal surgery represents a relatively recent development in the treatment of these entities. Technical considerations include relatively younger age range of the patient population, dimensions of preexisting bony defect, volume of herniated meninges and brain tissue, and distorted anatomy from abnormal development of the affected craniofacial skeleton. Recent highly detailed anatomical studies have quantitatively verified the utility of endoscopic endonasal surgery in the pediatric population. Particular attention has been directed toward adequacy of nasoseptal flap reconstruction in pediatric patients. Several reports have described patients with encephalocele of the anterior cranial fossa successfully treated with endoscopic surgery. The literature on endoscopic repair of congenital encephalocele is reviewed. Outcomes have generally been reported as favorable, although long-term follow-up and systematic studies have not been pursued.

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“…Anterior cranial fossa length and width, from a midline sagittal image, were defined as nasion to the most inferior portion of the posterior clinoid process, and minimum interorbital distance at the posterior globe, respectively. 11 Sphenoid length at the anterior cranial fossa was obtained subtracting the nasion-to-ethmosphenoid distance from the anteroposterior length of the cranial fossa.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%