Dimensions of buccal bone and mucosa at immediately placed implants after 7 years: a clinical and cone beam computed tomography study

Abstract

Fourteen patients attended the follow-up examination. In five implants almost no buccal bone was detected, whereas in the remaining nine implants the buccal bone was found covering the rough implant surface. No correlation was found between initial bone defects and bone dimensions at the follow-up examination. The sites without radiographically detectable buccal bone at the 7-year control presented with 1 mm more apical mucosal level in comparison to implants with intact buccal bone.

Long-term Stability of Early Implant Placement with Contour Augmentation

“…The facial bone resorption, however, was minimal, since all 20 implants had an intact facial bone wall at 2 mm apical to the platform. This is in contrast to immediately placed implants that showed no detectable facial bone wall in 36% to 57% of cases in 2 retrospective CBCT studies (Miyamoto and Obama, 2011;Benic et al, 2012).…”

Bone volume changes after immediate implant placement with or without flap elevation

“…However, metal objects such as implants, may lead to artifacts which may difficult the assessment of the surrounding bone dimensions (Razavi et al 2010, Schultze et al 2010Benic et al 2012). A recent preclinical study compared direct measurements taken on implants placed in bovine ribs with measurements taken on CBCTs.…”

“…When analysing bone dimensional changes three methods have been employed: clinical intrasurgical measurements by means of a re-entry procedure (Gher et al 1994;Boticelli et al 2004Boticelli et al , 2008Chen et al 2007;Ferrus et al 2010) or radiographic measurements on CBCTs (Roe et al 2012;Benic et al 2012;Degidi et al 2012;Assaf et al 2013;Morimoto et al 2015) or periapical radiographs Valentini et al 2010;Cosyn et al 2013;Covani et al 2014). …”

“…In our study we found a vertical resorption of 0.48 ± 1.35mm on the buccal crest, which is in the range of other studies (0.1-1mm). The two retrospective studies with a follow up of 3 (Cosyn et al 2013) and 7 years (Benic et al 2012) show a bone reduction of around 1mm. It can be suggested that, although most dimensional changes occur within the first 6 months of healing, small alterations may still take place after this period.…”

“…Some authors have tried to regenerate the missing bone between the implant surface and the socket walls using various bone augmentation techniques Benic et al 2012, Koh et al, 2011. Others have advocated thickening the soft tissues by means of a connective tissue graft at the time of surgery (Miglioratti et al 2013).…”