Dimensions of Inequality: Black Immigrants’ Occupational Segregation in the United States

Tesfai, Rebbeca; Thomas, Kevin J. A.

doi:10.1177/2332649219844799

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 69 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Other identities such as nativity and disability are also expected to matter. From this perspective, labor markets are embedded within broader social structures in which individual characteristics affect economic outcomes (Hudson, 2002; Tesfai & Thomas, 2019).…”

Section: Automation and Intersectionalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Workforce automation risks across race and gender in the United States

McManus

2023

American J Econ Sociol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although the effects of automation on the future of work have received considerable attention, little research has been conducted on the costs of this technological transformation for different populations of workers. This article makes an important contribution as one of the first to analyze the intersectional effects of workforce automation across race and gender in the United States. Multilevel survey data models are employed using two distinct measures of automation job displacement risk for over 1.4 million Americans across 385 occupations. This research demonstrates that the intersection of race and gender matters for individual automation risks. Education, age, disability, and nativity are also significant. These findings indicate that labor market outcomes of job automation will be based not only on differences in human capital but critically on socially constructed identities as well.

show abstract

Section: Automation and Intersectionalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Workforce automation risks across race and gender in the United States

McManus

2023

American J Econ Sociol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Among the first quantitative studies to test the assumption that Black immigrants are advantaged in the labor market relative to US-born Blacks is that conducted by Tesfai and Thomas (2019). Using 2011-2015 pooled American Community Survey data, the authors utilized the Duncan and Duncan Dissimilarity Index to estimate Black immigrants' segregation from US-born Whites and Blacks and regression analyses to identify predictors of occupational segregation.…”

Section: Consequences (Hypothesis 2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the Civil Rights Act 1964 offers protection to all groups, regardless of race, ethnicity or immigrant nationality, organizations should not have to choose between IMGs and African-Americans nor exclude either from initiatives that might benefit their lives, work and career. The perception that African immigrants face less discrimination relative to US-born Blacks in the labor market is evidently erroneous (Tesfai and Thomas, 2019). But more importantly, it distracts from the need for institutions to unify around a common anti-racism agenda.…”

Section: Institutional Responses (Hypotheses 3-5)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immigrant health care workers from developing countries in the US: antecedents, consequences and institutional responses

Oikelome

Broward

Hongwu

2021

EDI

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to present a conceptual model on foreign-born health care workers from developing countries working in the US. The model covers their motivations for migration, the consequences in terms of the inequality and exclusion they may experience and the role of institutional responses at micro-, macro- and meso-level of intervention.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on: (1) in-depth review of key literature studies on the foundation theories of international migration including sociology, economics, anthropology, psychology and human resource management, (2) analysis of theoretical approaches to medical migration across disciplines, (3) analysis of the international and national documentary sources of micro-, macro- and meso-level policies on migration and (4) analysis of evidence on best practices, solutions and aspirational changes across different levels of institutions.Findings(1) Migration of international medical graduates (IMGs) from developing countries to the US can be explained from a micro-, macro- and meso-level of analysis. (2) IMGs who identify as racial/ethnic minorities may experience unfair discrimination differently than their US-born counterparts. (3) Although political/legislative remedies have had some successes, proactive initiatives will be needed alongside enforcement strategies to achieve equity and inclusion. (4) While diversity management initiatives abound in organizations, those designed for the benefit of IMGs from developing countries are rare. (5) Professional identity groups and some nonprofits may challenge structural inequities, but these have not yet achieved economies of scale.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough it is well-documented in the US health care literature how ethnic/racial minorities are unfairly disadvantaged in work and career, the studies are rarely disaggregated according to sub-groups (e.g. non-White IMGs and US-born MGs). The implication is that Black IMG immigrants have been overlooked by the predominant narratives of native-born, Black experiences. In placing the realities of native-born Blacks on the entire Black population in America, data have ignored and undermined the diverse histories, identities and experiences of this heterogeneous group.Practical implicationsAn awareness of the challenges IMGs from developing countries face have implications for managerial decisions regarding recruitment and selection. Besides their medical qualifications, IMGs from developing countries offer employers additional qualities that are critical to success in health care delivery. Considering organizations traditionally favor White immigrants from Northern and Southern Europe, IMGs from developed countries migrate to the US under relatively easier circumstances. It is important to balance the scale in the decision-making process by including an evaluation of migration antecedents in comprehensive selection criteria.Social implicationsThe unfair discrimination faced by IMGs who identify as racial/ethnic minority are multilayered and will affect them in ways that are different compared to their US-born counterparts. In effect, researchers need to make this distinction in research on racial discrimination. Since IMGs are not all uniformly impacted by unfair discrimination, organization-wide audits should be in tune with issues that are of concerns to IMGs who identify as racial/ethnic minorities. Likewise, diversity management strategies should be more inclusive and should not ignore the intersectionality of race/ethnicity, nationality, country of qualification and gender.Originality/valueImmigrant health care workers from developing countries are integral to the health care industry in the United States. They make up a significant proportion of all workers in the health care industry in the US. Although the literature is replete with studies on immigrant health care workers as a whole, research has rarely focused on immigrant health care workers from developing countries. The paper makes a valuable contribution in drawing attention to this underappreciated group, given their critical role in the ongoing pandemic and the need for the US health industry to retain their services to remain viable in the future.

show abstract

“…Income determines the neighborhoods in which workers can afford to live, causes stress (Haushofer and Fehr 2014), and may lead workers to deprioritize their own health when there are trade-offs between earnings and health. Because of structural discrimination and its related occupational segregation, the resources provided by work are unequally distributed by race-ethnicity, nativity, and education (Alonso-Villar, Del Rio, and Gradin 2012; Fan and Qian 2017; Tesfai and Thomas 2020). Additionally, there is evidence that the utility of these resources (e.g., income, wealth, and health insurance) for health may be lower for racial-ethnic minority workers (Bell et al 2020; Williams, Priest, and Anderson 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupations and Sickness-Related Absences during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Lyttelton

Zang

2022

J Health Soc Behav

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pandemic frontline occupations consist of disproportionately low socioeconomic status and racial minority workers. Documenting occupational health disparities is therefore crucial for understanding COVID-19-related health inequalities in the United States. This study uses Current Population Survey microdata to estimate occupational differences in sickness-related absences (SAs) from work in March through June 2020 and their contribution to educational, racial-ethnic, and nativity health disparities. We find that there has been an unprecedented rise in SAs concentrated in transportation, food-related, and personal care and service occupations. SA rates were 6 times higher in these occupations than in non-health-care professions. The greatest increases were in occupations that are unsuitable for remote work, require workers to work close to others, pay low wages, and rarely provide health insurance. Workers in these occupations are disproportionately Black, Hispanic, indigenous, and immigrants. Occupation contributes 41% of the total of Black/white differences and 54% of educational differences in SAs.

show abstract

Dimensions of Inequality: Black Immigrants’ Occupational Segregation in the United States

Cited by 15 publications

References 69 publications

Workforce automation risks across race and gender in the United States

Workforce automation risks across race and gender in the United States

Immigrant health care workers from developing countries in the US: antecedents, consequences and institutional responses

Occupations and Sickness-Related Absences during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About