Luminescent materials with red emission
are promising materials
for optoelectronic devices and biological sciences. However, their
synthesis is often complicated. In this work, we developed a facile
approach to generating red-emissive luminogens with aggregation-induced
emission (AIE) characteristics from commercially available reactants.
The new compounds, abbreviated PN-BTZ-Cz and DP-BTZ-Cz, were prepared
by coupling 4,7-dibromobenzo[
c
][1,2,5]thiadiazole
with (1-naphehyl)phenylamine or diphenylamine followed by the reaction
of the monobromo-substituted compounds with carbazole. Although all
of the reactants were non-AIE-active, PN-BTZ-Cz and DP-BTZ-Cz showed
AIE characteristics. This suggested that the AIE chromophores were
generated in situ through the reactions. PN-BTZ-Cz and DP-BTZ-Cz were
soluble in common organic solvents and showed red emission with high
fluorescence quantum yields of 42.2 and 38.3% in the film, respectively.
They were thermally and morphologically stable, as revealed by their
high decomposition temperature (up to 327 °C) and glass-transition
temperature (up to 120 °C). Nondoped organic light-emitting diodes
with a configuration of ITO/HATCN/TAPC/PN-BTZ-Cz or DP-BTZ-Cz/Bphen/Liq/Al
were fabricated using these compounds as emitting layers, which emitted
red electroluminescence at a low turn-on voltage (down to 2.8 V) with
a maximum external quantum yield of up to 2.7% and a small efficiency
roll-off.