Dimethylsulfide (DMS) fluxes from permeable coral reef carbonate sediments

Deschaseaux, Elisabeth; Stoltenberg, Laura; Hrebien, Victoria; Koveke, Edwin P.; Toda, Kei; Eyre, Bradley D.

doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2018.11.008

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…These lagoons and cays provide habitat for a variety of reef organisms, including invertebrates, fish, seagrass, macroalgae, and benthic microalgae (BMA). Additionally, reef sediments can influence whole ecosystem biogeochemical cycles through photosynthesis and respiration (Glud et al ; Werner et al ) calcification and CaCO 3 dissolution (Andersson et al ; Cyronak et al ), nitrogen fixation and denitrification (Capone et al ; Eyre et al , ), and production of dimethylsulfide (Deschaseaux et al ), among other processes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Seasonal variability of calcium carbonate precipitation and dissolution in shallow coral reef sediments

Stoltenberg

Schulz

Cyronak

et al. 2019

Limnology & Oceanography

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Shallow, permeable calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) sediments make up a large proportion of the benthic cover on coral reefs and account for a large fraction of the standing stock of CaCO 3 . There have been a number of laboratory, mesocosm, and in situ studies examining shallow sediment metabolism and dissolution, but none of these have considered seasonal variability. Advective benthic chambers were used to measure in situ net community calcification (NCC) rates of CaCO 3 sediments on Heron Island, Australia (Great Barrier Reef) over an annual cycle. Sediments were, on average, net precipitating during the day and net dissolving at night throughout the year. Night dissolution rates (−NCC NIGHT ) were highest in the austral autumn and lowest in the austral winter driven by changes in respiration (R) and to a lesser extent temperature and Ω arag /pH. Similarly, precipitation during the day (+NCC DAY ) was highest in March and lowest in winter, driven primarily by benthic net primary production (NPP) and temperature. On average, sediments were net precipitating over a diel cycle (NCC 24h ) but shifted to net dissolving in July and December. This shift was largely caused by the differential effects of seasonal cycles in organic metabolism and carbonate chemistry on NCC DAY and NCC NIGHT . The results from this study highlight the large variability in sediment CaCO 3 dynamics and the need to include repeated measurements over different months and seasons, particularly in shallow reef systems that can experience large swings in light, temperature, and carbonate chemistry.

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confidence: 99%

Seasonal variability of calcium carbonate precipitation and dissolution in shallow coral reef sediments

Stoltenberg

Schulz

Cyronak

et al. 2019

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…Concentrations of the natural samples were calculated according to our calibration data on the day and the standard additions were made accordingly. Following standard addition, samples were left to equilibrate for 30 min prior to analysis, which is the standard procedure used in our laboratory for analysis of other BVOCs such as DMS (Deschaseaux et al 2019). Although the equilibration time and the oscillation effect were not examined for isoprene, it was apparent that this period of time was sufficient for gas-liquid equilibrium according to the consistent linearity of our calibration plots (Fig.…”

Section: Assessment Linearity Precision Accuracy and Reproducibilitymentioning

confidence: 59%

“…This method has been adapted to measure other BVOCs such as DMS in natural waters (Deschaseaux et al 2019). However, in the case of isoprene, which is present at pM concentrations in seawater, a minimum volume of 70 mL with a 30 mL headspace is recommended, whereas 5 mL of seawater in 20 mL headspace vials is enough to measure DMS at typical seawater concentrations, with this organosulfur BVOC being 10 to 100 times more concentrated in seawater than isoprene (Exton et al 2015).…”

Section: Comments and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of isoprene in coastal ecosystems by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry using cumulative headspace injections

Hrebien

Deschaseaux

Eickhoff

et al. 2020

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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Isoprene is a biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC), which is predominantly emitted by terrestrial plants but also from marine systems. However, the marine contribution to isoprene emissions is less understood due to the difficulty of measuring trace concentrations in seawater. Previous methods using “purge and trap” coupled with flame ionization detection and/or chemiluminescence have been developed, although these methods have limitations including large sample sizes, excessive manipulation, and potential interference from other BVOCs. These limitations could lead to overestimations or sample loss due to the high volatility and reactivity of isoprene. Here, we present an improved method for measuring isoprene in coastal marine ecosystems with elevated isoprene concentrations using cumulative headspace injection coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). Sampling technique, preservation, and analytical conditions were tested and optimized using an analytical cycle time of 13 min. The analytical precision was 2.6% (n = 7), limit of detection was 15 pM, limit of quantification was 285 pM, accuracy based on recovery was 79% ± 2.8%, and reproducibility yielded a coefficient of variation of 15%. This method provides an improved way to measure isoprene from seawater using a simple sampling technique and fast, automated analysis, reducing isoprene loss through sample manipulation, and human error. This method meets analytical requirements to accurately measure isoprene at pM concentrations, which are typical of tropical coastal marine habitats. This method can also be adapted to measure other BVOCs in seawater such as dimethyl sulfide, providing a versatile method for marine research.

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“…Sources of DMS a in coral reefs include zooxanthellate Scleractinian (Raina et al, 2013) and Alcyonacea (soft) corals (Haydon et al, 2018), crustose coralline algae (Burdett et al, 2015), marine macroalgae and free‐living microalgae (Stefels, 2000; Van Alstyne & Puglisi, 2007), giant clams (Hill et al, 2000), as well as carbonate sediments dominated by benthic microalgae (Deschaseaux et al, 2019). Corals, particularly Acropora spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sources of DMS in the ocean include marine macroalgae and free‐living microalgae (Stefels, 2000; Van Alstyne & Puglisi, 2007), zooxanthellate Scleractinian (Raina et al, 2013) and Alcyonacea corals (Haydon et al, 2018), giant clams (Hill et al, 2000), and carbonate sediments (Deschaseaux et al, 2019). Reported concentrations of dimethylated sulfur compounds are typically higher in zooxanthellate corals than in other marine producers (Broadbent et al, 2002; Swan, Deschaseaux, et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coral Reef Emissions of Atmospheric Dimethylsulfide and the Influence on Marine Aerosols in the Southern Great Barrier Reef, Australia

et al. 2020

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Variability in atmospheric dimethylsulfide (DMSa) and the potential influence on atmospheric aerosols was investigated at Heron Island in the southern Great Barrier Reef (GBR), Australia. This work compiles previously published DMSa data (reported in Swan, Jones, Deschaseaux, & Eyre, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-017-0385-8), with additional surveys of DMSa, atmospheric particle number concentration, and other oceanic and atmospheric data sets. DMSa was higher in summer (mean 3.2 nmol m−3/78 ppt) than winter (mean 1.3 nmol m−3/32 ppt), reflective of seasonal shifts in phytoplankton biomass and emissions from corals in the southern GBR. Seasonally extreme spikes in DMSa were detected during low tide and low wind speed, supporting findings that the coral reef can be an important source of DMSa above background oceanic emissions. A significant link was present between DMSa and aerosol concentration (ranging from 0.5 to 2.5 μm) during calm, daylight hours, when conditions were optimal for the local oxidation of DMSa to sulfate aerosol precursors. This link may reflect condensational growth of existing fine particles (< 0.5 μm), which is the dominant pathway by which biogenic trace gases influence aerosols in the marine boundary layer. Aerosol concentration significantly correlated with reduced surface solar irradiance and sea surface temperature, which is potential evidence of a local negative feedback mitigating coral physiological stress. These findings provide a step toward a better understanding of the processes influencing DMSa and aerosol concentrations and of the consequences for the local radiative balance over coral reefs; an increasingly important topic with ongoing ocean warming and coral bleaching.

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Dimethylsulfide (DMS) fluxes from permeable coral reef carbonate sediments

Cited by 16 publications

References 69 publications

Seasonal variability of calcium carbonate precipitation and dissolution in shallow coral reef sediments

Seasonal variability of calcium carbonate precipitation and dissolution in shallow coral reef sediments

Quantification of isoprene in coastal ecosystems by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry using cumulative headspace injections

Coral Reef Emissions of Atmospheric Dimethylsulfide and the Influence on Marine Aerosols in the Southern Great Barrier Reef, Australia

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