Dimethylsulfide production in Sargasso Sea eddies

Bailey, Katrina J.; Toole, Dierdre A.; Blomquist, Byron; Najjar, Raymond G.; Huebert, B. J.; Kieber, David J.; Kiene, Ronald P.; Matrai, Patricia A.; Westby, G.R.; Valle, Daniela A. del

doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.02.011

Cited by 44 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Full biogeochemical description of the experiments is given elsewhere (Bailey et al 2008;Gabric et al 2008). In short, both eddies had relatively shallow mixed layer depths: around 15 m in eddy C1 and 20 m in eddy A2.…”

Section: Stefels Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chl a concentrations in surface waters of both eddies were homogenously low (0.04 µg L -1 ) and gradually increased toward a deep-chlorophyll maximum around 100 m. Approximately 2/3 of the Chl a signal could be attributed to Haptophytes and Synechococcus species. Prochlorophytes that are usually abundant throughout the summer were found at depths deeper than 60 m (Bailey et al 2008;Gabric et al 2008).…”

Section: Stefels Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stock solution of 18.5 mM NaH 13 CO 3 was prepared in sterile seawater. The addition of NaH (Bailey et al 2008;Gabric et al 2008). The physical differences between these eddies lead to chemical and biological differences that are expected to impact on DMS and DMSP fluxes.…”

Section: Materials and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vivo DMSP‐biosynthesis measurements using stable‐isotope incorporation and proton‐transfer‐reaction mass spectrometry (PTR‐MS)

Stefels

Dacey

Elzenga

2009

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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Assessing turnover rates of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), precursor of the climate-active gas dimethylsulfide (DMS), under different environmental conditions is fundamental to accurately modeling the marine sulfur cycle. Current gas chromatographic methods only provide net results of all processes acting on the different sulfur pools and are unable to measure fluxes, leaving room for speculation on the controlling factors and magnitudes of turnover processes. Here we present a new method in which stable isotope additions (D 2 O or NaH 13 CO 3 ) are used to follow the in vivo production of DMSP. Incorporation of deuterium or 13 C into DMSP was monitored using a proton-reaction-transfer mass spectrometer (PTR-MS). A growth model was developed to calculate specific DMSP synthesis rates from the progress in mass ratio of labeled versus nonlabeled DMSP over time. Instead of measuring the amount of incorporated isotope, our method uses ratios of molecule masses. This approach has the advantage that the effect of the isotope addition on the change in mass ratio is amplified by the number of positions the label can occupy within the molecule. Application of the method was demonstrated in cultures of the ubiquitous DMSP producer Emiliania huxleyi and further developed for use in short-time incubation studies with water from the Sargasso Sea during July 2004. Very low specific synthesis rates between 0.05 and 0.2 d -1 could be measured. The method is the first to measure in vivo DMSP production rates. It is relatively easy to apply, highly sensitive, and may also be applicable to other biogenic compounds.

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Section: Stefels Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stefels Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vivo DMSP‐biosynthesis measurements using stable‐isotope incorporation and proton‐transfer‐reaction mass spectrometry (PTR‐MS)

Stefels

Dacey

Elzenga

2009

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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“…Downward irradiance was converted to scalar using a constant factor of 1.2 [30] and an average daily surface reflectance of 4 % was assumed. [31] When the integrated daily surface irradiance was not available for the sample day, the average daily surface irradiance for the cruise was used.…”

Section: Rate Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revising upper-ocean sulfur dynamics near Bermuda: new lessons from 3 years of concentration and rate measurements

et al. 2016

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Environmental context. Microscopic marine organisms have the potential to influence the global climate through the production of a trace gas, dimethylsulfide, which contributes to cloud formation. Using 3 years of observations, we investigated the environmental drivers behind the production and degradation of dimethylsulfide and its precursor dimethylsulfoniopropionate. Our results highlight the important role of the microbial community in rapidly cycling these compounds and provide an important dataset for future modelling studies.Abstract. Oceanic biogeochemical cycling of dimethylsulfide (DMS), and its precursor dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), has gained considerable attention over the past three decades because of the potential role of DMS in climate mediation. Here we report 3 years of monthly vertical profiles of organic sulfur cycle concentrations (DMS, particulate DMSP (DMSPp) and dissolved DMSP (DMSPd)) and rates (DMSPd consumption, biological DMS consumption and DMS photolysis) from the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) site taken between 2005 and 2008. Concentrations confirm the summer paradox with mixed layer DMS peaking ,90 days after peak DMSPp and ,50 days after peak DMSPp : Chl. A small decline in mixed layer DMS was observed relative to those measured during a previous study at BATS (1992)(1993)(1994), potentially driven by long-term climate shifts at the site. On average, DMS cycling occurred on longer timescales than DMSPd (0.43 AE 0.35 v. 1.39 AE 0.76 day À1 ) with DMSPd consumption rates remaining elevated throughout the year despite significant seasonal variability in the bacterial DMSP degrader community. DMSPp was estimated to account for 4-5 % of mixed layer primary production and turned over at a significantly slower rate (,0.2 day À1 ). Photolysis drove DMS loss in the mixed layer during the summer, whereas biological consumption of DMS was the dominant loss process in the winter and at depth. These findings offer new insight into the underlying mechanisms driving DMS(P) cycling in the oligotrophic ocean, provide an extended dataset for future model evaluation and hypothesis testing and highlight the need for a reexamination of past modelling results and conclusions drawn from data collected with old methodologies.

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“…It includes discussions of nutrient fluxes (Jenkins et al, 2008), inorganic carbon and nutrient mass balance (Chen et al, 2008;Mahaffey et al, 2008) as well as sinking particle fluxes derived using radionuclide disequilibria (Buesseler et al, 2008;Verdeny et al, 2008). Last is a section that examines the impact of eddies on trace elements and gases, including hybrid-type metals in the Pacific (Noble et al, 2008) and dimethylsulfide production and distributions in the Atlantic (Bailey et al, 2008;Gabric et al, 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesoscale physical–biological–biogeochemical linkages in the open ocean: An introduction to the results of the E-Flux and EDDIES programs

Benitez-Nelson

McGillicuddy

2008

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

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Dimethylsulfide production in Sargasso Sea eddies

Cited by 44 publications

References 56 publications

In vivo DMSP‐biosynthesis measurements using stable‐isotope incorporation and proton‐transfer‐reaction mass spectrometry (PTR‐MS)

In vivo DMSP‐biosynthesis measurements using stable‐isotope incorporation and proton‐transfer‐reaction mass spectrometry (PTR‐MS)

Revising upper-ocean sulfur dynamics near Bermuda: new lessons from 3 years of concentration and rate measurements

Mesoscale physical–biological–biogeochemical linkages in the open ocean: An introduction to the results of the E-Flux and EDDIES programs

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