Dimming/brightening in Athens: Trends in Sunshine Duration, Cloud Cover and Reference Evapotranspiration

Kitsara, Gianna; Papaioannou, Georgia; Παπαθανασίου, Αθανάσιος; Retalis, Adrianos

doi:10.1007/s11269-012-0229-4

Cited by 38 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Similar studies have been carried out in different parts of the world over various periods (e.g. Rahimzadeh et al, 2014;Dobesch, 1992;Kitsara et al, 2013;Angell, 1990;Stanhill and Cohen, 2005). The results from these studies indicate existence of trends at different spatial and temporal scales.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 70%

The Spatial and Temporal Variability of Sunshine Hours in Nigeria (1961 - 2012)

Amadi¹,

Udo²,

Ewona³

2014

IOSRJAP

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 70%

The Spatial and Temporal Variability of Sunshine Hours in Nigeria (1961 - 2012)

Amadi¹,

Udo²,

Ewona³

2014

IOSRJAP

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“…[] and Kitsara et al . [] recently showed a close agreement between changes in ETo and sunshine duration in Greece. The results were similar in Macedonia [ Ambas and Baltas , ] and southwest China [ Fan and Thomas , ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Moreover, the sign and rate of change in ETo have important regional differences. For example, studies in China [ Zuo et al ., ; Fan and Thomas , ] and Australia [ Donohue et al ., ] have indicated negative trends, but studies in India [ Goyal , ; Darshana et al ., ], Iran [ Kousari and Ahani , ; Tabari et al ., ], Florida [ Abtew et al ., ], Taiwan [ Yu et al ., ], and the Mediterranean region [ Chaouche et al ., ; Espadafor et al ., ; Kitsara et al ., ] have indicated positive trends.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of reference evapotranspiration to changes in meteorological parameters in Spain (1961–2011)

Vicente‐Serrano

Azorín-Molina

Sánchez-Lorenzo

et al. 2014

Water Resources Research

103

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This study analyzes changes in monthly reference evapotranspiration (ETo) by use of the Penman-Monteith equation and data from 46 meteorological stations in Spain from 1961 to 2011. Over the 51 year study period, there were trends for increasing average ETo during all months and annually at most of the individual meteorological stations. Sensitivity analysis of ETo to changes in meteorological variables was conducted by increasing and decreasing an individual climate variable holding the other variables constant. Sensitivity analysis indicated that relative humidity, wind speed, and maximum temperature had stronger effects on ETo than sunshine duration and minimum temperature. This suggests that aerodynamic component has more importance than radiative component to determine the atmospheric evaporative demand in Spain. The analysis showed a dominant latitudinal spatial gradient in the ETo relative changes across the 46 meteorological observatories, mainly controlled by the increasing available solar energy southward. In addition, the role of different meteorological variables on ETo is influenced by the average climatology at each observatory. ETo trends are mainly explained by the decrease in relative humidity and the increase in maximum temperature since the 1960s, particularly during the summer months. The physical mechanisms that explain ETo sensitivity to the different physical variables and current ETo trends are discussed in detail.

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“…the observed reductions in pan evaporation in the Northern Hemisphere are broadly consistent with observed reductions in solar radiation at the Earth's surface in the period up to 1990 (Stanhill and Cohen, ; Roderick and Farquhar, ). The solar dimming is mainly contributed by anthropogenic aerosols (Liepert et al ., ), and it is anticipated that ET 0 would decrease with decreasing radiation (Saxton, ; Rana and Katerji, ; Papaioannou et al ., ; Kitsara et al ., ). Our study revealed the dimming trend was apparent through an upward trend of solar duration in the arid land of Northwestern China between 1960 and 2009 (Figure ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal variations of reference evapotranspiration in recent five decades in the arid land of Northwestern China

Zheng

Wang

2013

Hydrol. Process.

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Spatial and temporal variations of reference evapotranspiration (ET 0 ) are useful for regional agricultural and water resources management as well as required in most distributed hydrological modelling. In the current study, the Penman-Monteith estimated ET 0 in the arid land of Northwestern China has been explicitly explored using the Mann-Kendall test. Most stations in the study region exhibited significant decreasing trend of ET 0 (P < 0.05) with only few occasions showing significant increasing trend (P < 0.05), despite the increase of temperature in the entire region. Analysis results revealed that the overall decreasing wind speed contributed most to the decreasing trend of ET 0 , whereas the contributions of relative humidity and sunshine duration were limited. Temperature played the second important role on determining ET 0 trend, but its effect was opposite to that of wind speed and was largely offset by the decreasing wind speed. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis suggested the impact of temperature to ET 0 was much larger than formerly reported if its effect on saturated vapour deficit was taken into account. The results obtained in the current study will help for better understanding of the effects of climate changes to water resource management in the arid land of northwest China.

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Dimming/brightening in Athens: Trends in Sunshine Duration, Cloud Cover and Reference Evapotranspiration

Cited by 38 publications

References 34 publications

The Spatial and Temporal Variability of Sunshine Hours in Nigeria (1961 - 2012)

The Spatial and Temporal Variability of Sunshine Hours in Nigeria (1961 - 2012)

Sensitivity of reference evapotranspiration to changes in meteorological parameters in Spain (1961–2011)

Spatiotemporal variations of reference evapotranspiration in recent five decades in the arid land of Northwestern China

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