Dinámica De La Violencia Organizada en Colombia

Castilla, Camilo Echandía

doi:10.2307/j.ctv14jx7s3.15

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Colombia’s conflict, which has lasted over half a century, is more long term, complex, and localized than many of the conflicts that have been studied in association with child health. One hallmark of Colombia’s conflict is the dynamic spatiotemporal distribution of violence: armed guerrilla groups mostly concentrated in rural areas with geostrategic territorial features, with considerable movement over time . This national ecological cohort study leveraged these changes in conflict intensity over time and space and compared municipalities exposed to conflict with themselves when unexposed to conflict, which improves on prior literature by incorporating a counterfactual.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One hallmark of Colombia’s conflict is the dynamic spatiotemporal distribution of violence: armed guerrilla groups mostly concentrated in rural areas with geostrategic territorial features, with considerable movement over time. 41 , 42 This national ecological cohort study leveraged these changes in conflict intensity over time and space and compared municipalities exposed to conflict with themselves when unexposed to conflict, which improves on prior literature by incorporating a counterfactual. An improved understanding of the association between conflict and child mortality may be helpful to inform programs and public health planning as Colombia moves through its postconflict period with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia and faces new efforts to achieve peace agreements with several remaining organized armed groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Excess Child Mortality Associated With Colombia’s Armed Conflict, 1998-2019

Moe,

Villaveces,

Montoya

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceArmed conflicts are directly and indirectly associated with morbidity and mortality due to destruction of health infrastructure and diversion of resources, forced displacement, environmental damage, and erosion of social and economic security. Colombia’s conflict began in the 1940s and has been uniquely long-lasting and geographically dynamic.ObjectiveTo estimate the proportion of infant and child mortality associated with armed conflict exposure from 1998 to 2019 in Colombia.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis ecological cohort study includes data from all 1122 municipalities in Colombia from 1998 to 2019. Statistical analysis was conducted from February 2022 to June 2023.ExposureArmed conflict exposure was measured dichotomously by the occurrence of conflict-related events in each municipality-year, enumerated and reported by the Colombian National Center for Historic Memory.Main Outcomes and MeasuresDeaths among children younger than 5 years and deaths among infants younger than 1 year, offset by the number of births in that municipality-year, enumerated by Colombia’s national vital statistics.ResultsThe analytical sample included 24 157 municipality-years and 223 101 conflict events covering the period from 1998 to 2019. Overall, the presence of armed conflict in a municipality was associated with a 52% increased risk of death for children younger than 5 years of age (relative risk, 1.52 [95% CI, 1.34-1.72]), with similar results for 1- and 5-year lagged analyses. Armed conflict was associated with a 61% increased risk in infant (aged &lt;1 year) death (relative risk, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.43-1.82]). On the absolute scale, this translates to a risk difference of 3.7 excess child deaths per 1000 births (95% CI, 2.7-4.7 per 1000 births) and 3.0 excess infant deaths per 1000 births (95% CI, 2.3-3.6 per 1000 births) per year, beyond what would be expected in the absence of armed conflict. Across the 22-year study period, the population attributable risk was 31.7% (95% CI, 23.5%-39.1%) for child deaths and 35.3% (95% CI, 27.8%-42.0%) for infant deaths.Conclusions and RelevanceThis ecological cohort study of Colombia’s spatiotemporally dynamic armed conflict suggests that municipal exposure to armed conflict was associated with excess child and infant deaths. With a record number of children living near active conflict zones in 2020, policy makers and health professionals should understand the magnitude of and manner in which armed conflicts directly and indirectly undermine child health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excess Child Mortality Associated With Colombia’s Armed Conflict, 1998-2019

Moe,

Villaveces,

Montoya

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Varios son los estudios que mantienen como base teórica un enfoque kaldoriano, y que tienen por finalidad determinar la relación existente entre el crecimiento de la industria manufacturera y el crecimiento económico. Dentro de esta línea, trabajos como: Moreno (2008), Acevedo et al (2009), Castilla (2009), Loría (2009), Gil y Martínez (2009), Coronado y Barrón (2011), Vera (2011), y Alastre (2013); Ros (2015) y Sallam (2021), encuentran una relación significativa entre crecimiento del sector manufacturero y el crecimiento económico en sus respectivas regiones. Cabe recalcar que estos estudios realizan un análisis de la economía en su conjunto y no de forma subnacional.…”

Section: Modelo De Crecimiento Económico Kaldorianounclassified

Manufacturas y crecimiento económico en Ecuador bajo una perspectiva regional. Un modelo de panel dinámico, 2007 -2020

Ochoa-Jiménez

Herrera

Pereira

2022

RVE

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El objetivo de este artículo es investigar a nivel regional la situación del sector manufacturero en la economía ecuatoriana y su influencia en el crecimiento económico para el período 2007-2020, utilizando como base teórica las leyes de crecimiento económico de Kaldor. En Ecuador, el sector manufacturero no presenta un desarrollo significativo, representa el 20.8\% del valor agregado bruto nacional, con una tasa de crecimiento promedio del 1.5\% anual durante el período de estudio, por debajo del sector primario y de servicios, con un 3\% y 2.7\% respectivamente. Por otro lado, al realizar el análisis utilizando un modelo econométrico de panel estático y dinámico a nivel provincial, los resultados de los ejercicios empíricos sugieren que la industria ecuatoriana esta correlacionada positivamente con el nivel de productividad del trabajo y con el crecimiento de los sectores restantes de la economía. Asimismo, los resultados para la Segunda Ley de Kaldor muestran la existencia de rendimientos crecientes a escala, al menos cuando se utiliza información a nivel regional para el período de estudio. Finalmente, este estudio recomienda políticas públicas orientadas a promover el desarrollo del sector manufacturero con el objetivo de propiciar un desarrollo económico sostenible en Ecuador.

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Dinámica De La Violencia Organizada en Colombia

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Excess Child Mortality Associated With Colombia’s Armed Conflict, 1998-2019

Excess Child Mortality Associated With Colombia’s Armed Conflict, 1998-2019

Manufacturas y crecimiento económico en Ecuador bajo una perspectiva regional. Un modelo de panel dinámico, 2007 -2020

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