Dinitrogen (C2H2) fixation, total plant yield, and total nitrogen percentage in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L) as affected by plant density, cutting management, and cultivar

Bohl, William H.

doi:10.31274/rtd-180813-6212

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Expected reductions in alfalfa NNIs for a range of Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) prevalences were based on published data. Percentage reductions in root growth in AMV-infected plants came from Ohki et al (1986) and were applied to root biomass (Bohl 1981) and fine root turnover estimates (Goins and Russelle 1996). Reductions in NDFA for alfalfa were estimated by applying the percentage reduction in nitrogenase activity caused by AMV (Ohki et al 1986) to the NDFA value for healthy alfalfa (Chen et al 2004).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Viral infection can reduce the net nitrogen inputs of legume break crops and cover crops

Marchetto

Power

2020

Ecological Applications

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Legumes are used in crop rotations by both large‐scale and smallholder farmers alike to increase soil fertility, especially before high‐nitrogen‐demanding crops such as corn (maize). Legume crop residues and green manures are rich in nitrogen due to mutualistic rhizobia, bacteria that live in their roots and convert atmospheric nitrogen into a biologically available form. Growers can obtain recommendations from local extension offices about how much less inorganic nitrogen fertilizer needs to be added to a subsequent crop following different legume break crops for the predominant soil type (the nitrogen fertilizer replacement value, or NFRV). Due to the intimate relationship between legumes and rhizobia, conditions that affect plant health can also affect the rhizobia and how much nitrogen they provide. We use a combination of empirical data and previously published values to estimate reductions in nitrogen inputs under outbreaks of plant viruses of varying severity. We also use historical fertilizer prices to examine the economic impacts of this lost fertilizer for farmers. We find that fertilizer losses are greatest for crops that fix large amounts of nitrogen, such as clover and alfalfa as opposed to common bean. The economic impact on farmers is controlled by the proportion of plants with viral infections and the price of synthetic fertilizer. In a year of high disease prevalence, attention is normally focused on the yield of the diseased crops. We suggest that farmers growing legumes as break crops should be concerned about yields of subsequent crops as well. Viral diseases can be difficult to diagnose in the field, so the easiest way for farmers to prevent unexpected yield losses in subsequent crops is to test their soil when it is feasible to do so.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…WClMV (1984); f, Smith and Maxwell (1971); g, Sofy et al (2014);h, Bohl (1981); i, Ohki et al (1986); j, Justes et al (2002); k, Goins and Russelle (1996); l, Lemaire et al (1992); m, Robbins and Carter (1980); n, Chen et al (2004). combination of nitrogen harvested in seeds and generally lackluster NDFA values (Table 1).…”

Section: Clyvv-infectedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral infection can reduce the net nitrogen inputs of legume break crops and cover crops

Marchetto

Power

2020

Ecological Applications

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“…The reduction of acetylene to ethylene compares at a molar ratio 3:1 to N2 reduction (Dilworth, 1966). The ARM has been used extensively in N2 fixation studies with forages for plant breeding purposes (Connolly and O'Keeffe, 1979;Paris, 1983;Seetin and Barnes, 1977;Smith et al, 1981), or to investigate management and environmental factors effects (Barta, 1978;Bohl, 1981;Craig et al, 1981;Halliday and Pate, 1976;Masterson and Murphy, 1976;Moustafa et al, 1969;Phillips and Bennett, 1978) .…”

Section: Acetylene Reduction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dinitrogen fixation and transfer in forage legume: grass associations

Mallarino

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Dinitrogen (C2H2) fixation, total plant yield, and total nitrogen percentage in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L) as affected by plant density, cutting management, and cultivar

Cited by 2 publications

References 47 publications

Viral infection can reduce the net nitrogen inputs of legume break crops and cover crops

Viral infection can reduce the net nitrogen inputs of legume break crops and cover crops

Dinitrogen fixation and transfer in forage legume: grass associations

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