Dioptric defocus maps across the visual field for different indoor environments

García, Miguel García; Ohlendorf, Arne; Schaeffel, Frank; Wahl, Siegfried

doi:10.1364/boe.9.000347

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…330 Recent technological advances also enable accurate monitoring of real-time viewing distances, to allow the dioptric mapping of the visual environment, which helps reveal any potential relationship between chronic viewing distances and myopia development. 329,[331][332][333] Finally, although the preponderance of evidence supports the idea that increased outdoor activities and, by necessity, decreased indoor time, are associated with lower levels of myopia, 320,322 most of these studies can reveal only an association. A number of recent interventional studies have also shown that interventions to increase children's daily outdoor exposure time have resulted in significant reductions in myopia development compared to control groups.…”

Section: Lag Of Accommodationmentioning

confidence: 88%

IMI – Clinical Myopia Control Trials and Instrumentation Report

Wolffsohn

Kollbaum

Berntsen

et al. 2019

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

128

179

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The evidence-basis based on existing myopia control trials along with the supporting academic literature were reviewed; this informed recommendations on the outcomes suggested from clinical trials aimed at slowing myopia progression to show the effectiveness of treatments and the impact on patients. These outcomes were classified as primary (refractive error and/or axial length), secondary (patient reported outcomes and treatment compliance), and exploratory (peripheral refraction, accommodative changes, ocular alignment, pupil size, outdoor activity/ lighting levels, anterior and posterior segment imaging, and tissue biomechanics). The currently available instrumentation, which the literature has shown to best achieve the primary and secondary outcomes, was reviewed and critiqued. Issues relating to study design and patient selection were also identified. These findings and consensus from the International Myopia Institute members led to final recommendations to inform future instrumentation development and to guide clinical trial protocols.

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Section: Lag Of Accommodationmentioning

confidence: 88%

IMI – Clinical Myopia Control Trials and Instrumentation Report

Wolffsohn

Kollbaum

Berntsen

et al. 2019

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

128

179

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Certainly, the study brought on some limitations that can restrict its extent, for example, from the recording of the scenarios as already described in the original article[20]. The measurements of peripheral and contact lens profiles may have expanded those limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dioptric defocus maps from different indoor environments were taken from a previous study by Garcia et al [20], where the information of the relative distance between the gaze point ("accommodative status") and the environmental objects distribution, for a given ±20° around the fovea (total: 40°), were recorded using an RGB-D camera and a head-mounted eye-tracker. For the current work, the maps were flipped upside down and from right to left, in order to match the visual fields between the scenarios and the peripheral refraction.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A global approach to describe retinal defocus patterns

et al. 2019

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The popularity of myopia treatments based on the peripheral defocus theory has risen. So far, little evidence has emerged around the questions which of these treatments are effective and why. In order to establish a framework that enables clinicians and researchers to acknowledge the possible interactions of different defocus patterns across the retina, different peripheral refractive errors (PRX) of subjects and different designs of optical treatments were evaluated. Dioptric defocus patterns on the retinal level have been obtained by merging the matrices of dioptric defocus maps of the visual field of different scenarios with individual peripheral refractive errors and different optical designs of multifocal contact lenses. The newly obtained matrices were statistically compared using a non-parametric test with familywise error algorithms and multi-comparison tests. Results show that asymmetric peripheral refractive error profiles (temporal or nasal positively skewed) appear to be less prone to be changed by the defocus imposition of multifocal contact lenses than those presenting symmetric patterns (relative peripheral myopia or hyperopia).

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“…depths across the visual field) from a scene with a handy device. 28,29 In the current study, it was aimed to quantify the amount of relative scene defocus in a near-work environment, and investigate the relationship between such environments and juvenile refractive development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The diversified defocus profile of the near‐work environment and myopia development

Choi

Mok

Wai

et al. 2020

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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Purpose To quantify the defocus characteristics in the near‐work environment at home and investigate the relationship with subsequent myopia progression. Methods Fifty subjects (aged 7–12 years) were recruited and followed for 1 year. The home near‐work environment (writing desk) was measured at a baseline home‐visit using the Kinect‐for‐Windows to capture a 3‐dimensional image. The depth values of the image were then converted into scene defocus with respect to the subject’s viewpoint. The defocus characteristics were quantified as the dioptric volume (the total amount of net defocus, or DV) and standard deviation of the defocus values (SD D ). Information on home size, time spent outdoors, and in front of a desk were also obtained. Univariate correlation, and multivariate regression were used to assess the association between myopia progression, defocus characteristics, and other co‐variates. Results The baseline spherical equivalent refraction ( M ) and refraction change over 1 year (∆ M ) were − 1.51 ± 2.02 D and − 0.56 ± 0.45 D respectively. DV was not significantly correlated with ∆ M (Spearman’s ρ = −0.25, p = 0.08), while SD D was negatively correlated to ∆ M (Spearman’s ρ = −0.42, p = 0.003). Although SD D was not a significant predictor in multivariate analysis, the regional DV at 15°–20° eccentricity was significant ( p = 0.001). Home size ( F 2,50 = 7.01, p = 0.002) and time spent outdoors (Independent t = −2.13, p = 0.04) were also associated with ∆ M , but not time spent in front of desk (Independent t = 0.78, p = 0.44). Conclusion The defocus profile in the home environment within the para‐central field of view is associated with childhood refractive error development.

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Dioptric defocus maps across the visual field for different indoor environments

Cited by 19 publications

References 27 publications

IMI – Clinical Myopia Control Trials and Instrumentation Report

IMI – Clinical Myopia Control Trials and Instrumentation Report

A global approach to describe retinal defocus patterns

The diversified defocus profile of the near‐work environment and myopia development

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