Dipole-interaction mediated hyperthermia heating mechanism of nanostructured Fe3O4 composites

Magnetite (Fe3O4) Nanoparticles in Biomedical Application: From Synthesis to Surface Functionalisation

“…This phenomenon was further studied by using Si/MNP/PSM and polyacrylic acid-capped MNPs. A magnetic field value of 4.5 kA/m with 13.56 MHz increased the temperature over a period of 35 min [160,161]. These reports showed that surface functionalisation has a significant effect on the heating temperature and the magnetic field.…”

“…SAR could be calculated analytically from the integration of the hysteresis loop (area of the hysteresis loop), but the process is quite tedious. The Brownian and Neél relaxation of the magnetic domains are massive contributors towards local heating of MNPs and a significant solution for localised hyperthermia therapy [157,160]. Specific loss power and specific absorption rate (SAR) are the two primary parameters that quantitatively and qualitatively determine the efficiency of MNPs in heat dissipation resulting from the strength of the applied magnetic field [157,159].…”

“…SAR could be calculated analytically from the integration of the hysteresis loop (area of the hysteresis loop), but the process is quite tedious. The Brownian and Neél relaxation of the magnetic domains are massive contributors towards local heating of MNPs and a significant solution for localised hyperthermia therapy [157,160].…”

“…Agglomeration and intracellular immobilisation affect the heating ability of MNPs [134,[155][156][157][158][159][160][161][162]. For example, the agglomeration of MNPs amplifies the heating factor.…”

Monodispersed water-soluble maghemite nanoparticles stabilized by a polymerized bilayer of 10-undecenoic acid

“…They are used as a contrast aid in nuclear resonance imaging [1], for drug delivery at the target location with the assistance of a magnetic field [2], for the magnetic separation of enzymes and other important biological molecules [3,4] and magnetic hyperthermia [5][6][7]. The superparamagnetic maghemite particles represent a precious reimbursement in in-vivo biomedical applications due to their nontoxic metabolizable nature.…”