Dir-MUSIC Algorithm for DOA Estimation of Partial Discharge Based on Signal Strength Represented by Antenna Gain Array Manifold

Abstract

Inspection robots are widely used in the field of smart grid monitoring in substations, and partial discharge (PD) is an important sign of the insulation state of equipment. PD direction of arrival (DOA) algorithms using conventional beam forming and time difference of arrival (TDOA) require large-scale antenna arrays and high computational complexity, making them difficult to implement on inspection robots. To address this problem, a novel directional multiple signal classification (Dir-MUSIC) algorithm for PD direction finding based on signal strength is proposed, and a miniaturized directional spiral antenna circular array is designed in this paper. First, the Dir-MUSIC algorithm is derived based on the array manifold characteristics. This method uses strength intensity information rather than the TDOA information, which could reduce the computational difficulty and the requirement of array size. Second, the effects of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and array manifold error on the performance of the algorithm are discussed through simulations in detail. Then, according to the positioning requirements, the antenna array and its arrangement are developed and optimized. Simulation results suggested that the algorithm has reliable direction-finding performance in the form of six elements. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm is tested by using the designed spiral circular array in real scenarios. The experimental results show that the PD direction-finding error is 3.39°, which meets the need for partial discharge DOA estimation using inspection robots in substations.

A Novel Wide-Band Directional MUSIC Algorithm Using the Strength Proportion

“…The reason for this is that measurements are generated from the ideal model perfectly, and every Dir-MUSIC estimation is a perfect estimation of ISSM. Additionally, in DirSP, the strength proportion in (10) is always not equal to 1, and the noise distribution changes in X in (12). Therefore, ISSM performs best in the ideal model.…”

“…Therefore, a directional antenna array is a new choice in this situation. As a tentative research direction, the directional multiple signal classification (Dir-MUSIC) algorithm for direction of arrival (DOA) estimation based on signal strength, as represented by antenna gain array manifold, is proposed [12]. A miniaturized spiral directional antenna array has been designed and developed to receive the PD signal.…”