Dirac-mode analysis for quark number density and its application for deconfinement transition

Abstract

The quark number density at finite imaginary chemical potential is investigated in the lattice QCD using the Dirac-mode expansion. We find the analytical formula of the quark number density in terms of the Polyakov loop in the large quark mass regime. On the other hand, in the small quark mass region, the quark number density is investigated by using the quenched lattice QCD simulation. The quark number density is found to strongly depend on the low-lying Dirac modes while its sign does not change. This result leads to that the quark number holonomy is not sensitive to the low-lying Dirac modes. We discuss the confinement-deconfinement transition from the property of the quark number density and the quark number holonomy.

Anatomy of the dense QCD matter from canonical sectors

“…This indicates that the period in terms of θ is 2π at least in the high T region as mentioned in Refs. [39][40][41], which is shape contrast with the finite N c case, when quarks become the probe. At low T , the system is perfectly dominated by gluballs and baryons in the large N c limit and then the periodicity In the bottom panel, the confined phase is not clear meaning above the liquid-gas transition which is not explicitly shown in the figure.…”

Extension to imaginary chemical potential in a holographic model

“…It should be noted that we need the Polyakov-loop phase-flip to consider the RW periodicity in the limits as discussed in Ref. [25,26].…”

Imaginary Chemical Potential, NJL-Type Model and Confinement–Deconfinement Transition

“…The special first-order transition was predicted from the strong coupling QCD and the perturbative one-loop effective potential with a background gauge field. It should be noted that these properties are already checked by using the lattice QCD simulations [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40].…”