Direct Air Capture Case Studies: Solvent System

Valentine, Jessica; Alex, Zoelle,; Sally, Homsy,; Hari, Mantripragada,; Kilstofte, Aaron; Sturdivan, Mike; Steutermann, Mark; Fout, Timothy

doi:10.2172/1893369

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…In previous sections, the DAC systems were coupled with an NPP and their cost and CO2 capture performance were assessed. The costs of the combined NPP&DAC systems are derived in this section to estimate the competitiveness of this system for CO2 capture, and compare it to that of non-nuclear energy sources that were previously evaluated by NETL [13,14]. This evaluation sheds light on the ability of NPP&DAC systems to compete in different CO2 markets described in Section B-2.…”

Section: Discussion On Competitiveness Of Nppanddac Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• This study does not intend to extensively compare the wider range of other NET options-associated with energy production from natural gas or Variable Renewable Energy (VRE), for instance-that are also associated with various uncertainty levels and deployment timelines. However, the cost of NPP&DAC systems is compared with that of DAC systems previously studied at NETL relying on electrical grid and natural gas heating [13,14].…”

Section: Relationship Of This Work To Other Work In This Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The component modeling of the L-DAC system is based on previous NETL studies [13] to achieve a net CO2 removal rate of 1 million tonnes/yr in the design case. This amount includes the CO2 captured from air (74.5% capture rate) as well as CO2 generated by oxy-combustion of natural gas in the calciner.…”

Section: Design L-dac Casementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This metric can be used to assess the competitiveness of the process when compared to expected revenues from carbon credits, offset markets, or other commodity markets discussed in Section B-2. The LCOD is evaluated based on Equation 7, where the different parameters are shown in This LCOD estimate is currently missing the cost for CO2 transportation and storage (estimated at $10-22/tCO2 [13], [14]), which depends on site location and proximity to geological formation, unless the CO2 is sold as a commodity to nearby industry. The LCOD calculation assumes 90% capacity factor for the NPP&DAC system.…”

Section: Estimated Performance Of Nppanddac Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reduced LCOD of the NPP&DAC system is explained by the decarbonized heat (S-DAC) and electricity (S-DAC and L-DAC) the NPP provides that doesn't require compensation through the design of a larger DAC system (with increased energy requirement and system size affecting both operation and capital costs). The L-DAC and S-DAC analyzed by NETL [13], [14] were oversized by roughly 28% and 14%, respectively, to compensate for fossil fuel-based emissions. The L-DAC estimates September 7, 2023…”

Section: Comparison Of Lcod With Previous Netl and Literature Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Nuclear Energy to Support Negative Emission Technologies

Stauff,

Mann,

Moisseytsev

et al. 2023

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The feasibility and performance of nuclear energy coupled with Negative Emission Technology (NET) processes were investigated in this report. Three overarching questions from nuclear NET systems guided this research: which NET would be able to use heat and/or electricity from nuclear power plants (NPPs); what is the performance and cost of a nuclear NET system; and what would be the market outlook for this system? Among the various NETs that are actively being developed, several were found to potentially benefit from coupling with an NPP via (1) large amounts of decarbonized and constant-output electricity; (2) free waste heat or cheap low-temperature heat; or (3) high-temperature heat. NPPs were found to be compatible with Direct Air Capture (DAC) systems, and a detailed techno-economic analysis of coupled NPP&DAC systems was performed. Preliminary analysis also indicated that biomass and water-based NETs are potentially compatible with NPPs, but further work is needed to quantify the performance of these nuclear NET systems.Design and performance analyses were completed for both liquid solvent DAC (L-DAC) and solid sorbent DAC (S-DAC) technologies. A 1.0-GWth NPP coupled with L-DAC and S-DAC was found to be able to capture 12-15 Mt CO2/yr and 1.0-1.5 Mt CO2/yr, respectively. While the L-DAC process enables much greater CO2 capture than the S-DAC process when both are sized with a 1 GWth NPP, the NPP&L-DAC system considered also requires >2 GWth natural gas oxy-combustion to reach adequate temperature in the calciner. CO2 generated from natural gas combustion is also captured as part of the calcination process, in addition to the CO2 captured from air, resulting in overall CO2 sequestration of close to 30% more than what is captured from air. The cost of carbon capture calculated with the

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Section: Discussion On Competitiveness Of Nppanddac Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relationship Of This Work To Other Work In This Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Design L-dac Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Estimated Performance Of Nppanddac Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison Of Lcod With Previous Netl and Literature Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Assessment of Nuclear Energy to Support Negative Emission Technologies

Stauff,

Mann,

Moisseytsev

et al. 2023

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Advancing the deployment and information management of direct air capture: A solution enabled by integrating consortium blockchain system

Chen,

Liu,

Wang

et al. 2024

Carbon Capture Science & Technology

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Drivers and implications of alternative routes to fuels decarbonization in net-zero energy systems

Mignone,

Clarke,

Edmonds

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

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Energy transition scenarios are characterized by increasing electrification and improving efficiency of energy end uses, rapid decarbonization of the electric power sector, and deployment of carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies to offset remaining emissions. Although hydrocarbon fuels typically decline in such scenarios, significant volumes remain in many scenarios even at the time of net-zero emissions. While scenarios rely on different approaches for decarbonizing remaining fuels, the underlying drivers for these differences are unclear. Here we develop several illustrative net-zero systems in a simple structural energy model and show that, for a given set of final energy demands, assumptions about the use of biomass and CO2 sequestration drive key differences in how emissions from remaining fuels are mitigated. Limiting one resource may increase reliance on another, implying that decisions about using or restricting resources in pursuit of net-zero objectives could have significant tradeoffs that will need to be evaluated and managed.

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Direct Air Capture Case Studies: Solvent System

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of Nuclear Energy to Support Negative Emission Technologies

Assessment of Nuclear Energy to Support Negative Emission Technologies

Advancing the deployment and information management of direct air capture: A solution enabled by integrating consortium blockchain system

Drivers and implications of alternative routes to fuels decarbonization in net-zero energy systems

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