Direct and Indirect Assessment of Selenium Status in Cattle - A Comparison

Pavlata, L.; Pechová, Alena; Illek, J.

doi:10.2754/avb200069040281

Cited by 50 publications

(61 citation statements)

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“…The incidence of microelement deficiencies was evaluated not only from results obtained from individual animals but also from calculated mean concentrations in animals from individual farms. Selenium deficiency was defined when the GSH-Px activity in whole blood was below 600 µkat/l, which corresponds to whole blood selenium concentrations approaching 100 µg/l (Pavlata et al, 2000). Cu and Zn deficiency was defined as blood serum concentrations of the respective element below 12 µmol/l (Jagos et al, 1981).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hitherto results of investigations into microelement deficiencies in cattle suggest that the situation on Czech dairy farms is far from being satisfactory, and data on other bovine categories are scarce (Koutnik et al, 1996;Pavlata et al, 2000Pavlata et al, , 2001bPavlata et al, , 2002Pavlata et al, , 2004b. Furthermore, because mineral element deficiencies were found in the human population in this country (Kvicala et al, 1995(Kvicala et al, , 2003Kvicala and Jiranek, 1999), information on microelement levels in farm animals may be important not only for the health of these animals but also for human medicine because these animals are used as foodstuffs (Koutnik and Ingr, 1998).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Differences in the occurrence of selenium, copper and zinc deficiencies in dairy cows, calves, heifers and bulls

Pavlata¹,

Podhorský²,

Pechová³

et al. 2005

Vet. Med. - Czech

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This study was conducted to evaluate the mineral status of various bovine categories reared on the same farm, and to monitor the quality of their mineral nutrition in this way. Blood samples were collected on 20 farms in various regions of the CzechRepublicto diagnose the selenium (Se), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) status of dairy cows, calves, heifers and bulls. Blood samples were collected from 5 dairy cows and their calves, 5 heifers and, whenever possible, also from 5 bullocks (10 farms). To assess the Cu and Zn status of the cattle, blood serum concentrations of the elements were determined by flame AAS. The Se status assessment was based on the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in whole blood. Dairy cows and calves showed the higher GSH-Px activity in comparison with heifers and bulls (P < 0.001). Overall mean GSH-Px activity in the blood of dairy cows, calves, heifers and bulls was 720.47 ± 174.47 µkat/l, 688.34 ± 204.12 µkat/l, 555.69 ± 318.36 µkat/l and 516.17 ± 214.70 µkat/l, respectively. Se deficiency was diagnosed in 23% of the examined dairy cows (20% herds), 31% calves (25% herds), 51% heifers (50% herds) and in 58% of bulls (50% herds). Dairy cows showed lower Zn and higher Cu concentrations in comparison with the other categories (P < 0.001). Mean Zn concentrations in blood serum of dairy cows, calves, heifers and bulls were 12.21 ± 3.19 µmol/l, 18.91 ± 5.78 µmol/l, 17.80 ± 2.76 µmol/l and 16.69 ± 3.08 µmol/l, respectively. Zn deficiency was diagnosed in 41% of the examined dairy cows (45% herds) and 13% of bulls (10% herds). None of the calf or heifer herds was classified as Zn deficient when Zn deficiency was found in only 9% of calves and 1% of the examined heifers. Mean Cu concentrations in blood serum of dairy cows, calves, heifers and bulls were 13.62 ± 2.62 µmol/l, 10.18 ± 3.22 µmol/l, 10.96 ± 2.52 µmol/l and 11.18 ± 2.40 µmol/l, respectively. Cu deficiency was diagnosed in 28% of the examined dairy cows (20% herds), 70% of calves (80% herds), 65% of heifers (75% herds) and 70% of bulls (60% herds). Deficiency of at least one of the microelements monitored was diagnosed on all investigated farms.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the occurrence of selenium, copper and zinc deficiencies in dairy cows, calves, heifers and bulls

Pavlata¹,

Podhorský²,

Pechová³

et al. 2005

Vet. Med. - Czech

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“…The following blood selenium concentrations or GSH-Px activities were used as reference values (Pavlata et al 2000a) for the assessment of the selenium status: -< 70 µg . l -1 , or < 472 µkat .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other authors preferred the determination of selenium concentration in the blood or tissues 2000a;2000b;2001b). The results of all these studies indicate that the current selenium status in cattle is unsatisfactory and that more data on the distribution of selenium deficiency in various regions of the Czech Republic is necessary.…”

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confidence: 98%

Selenium Status of Cattle in the Czech Republic

Pavlata¹,

Illek²,

Pechová³

et al. 2002

Acta Vet. Brno

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Selenium status was assessed directly by determination of selenium concentration, or indirectly by measurement of glutathione peroxidase activity in whole blood samples collected from 879 cattle (733 cows, 63 calves, 42 heifers, 41 finishing bulls) reared on 93 farms in 12 of the 14 regions of the Czech Republic. Selenium deficiency or marginal values were found in 50 % of the tested animals and on 54 % of the farms. In terms of animal categories, deficient or marginal selenium status was found in 42 % of cows, 80 % of calves, 100 % of heifers, and 90 % of bulls. Seleniumdeficient herds were detected in almost all regions of the Czech Republic. The lowest selenium concentrations (< 20 µg . l -1 whole blood) were found in western, northern, and north-eastern Bohemia and in northern Moravia. It is evident that selenium deficiency in cattle is a topical problem in the Czech Republic and that selenium status must be monitored within preventive diagnostics in all age groups of cattle to decide correctly on the most effective way of supplementation.

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“…The Se content of animal feed ingredients is dependent on the Se concentration in soil. The Se reserve in soils was depleted in the Czech Republic (Pavlata et al, 2000). Se intake is lower than the recommended daily allowance: 55-70 µg (Velíšek, 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

The effect of selenium source on the performance and meat quality of broiler chickens

Sevcikova¹,

Skřivan²,

Dlouhá³

et al. 2006

Czech J. Anim. Sci.

100

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ABSTRACT:The effect of dietary supplementation of selenium in an organic form on performance, carcass traits and selenium content in tissues of broiler cockerels Ross 308 was studied. The soya-wheat-maize diet contained 50 mg vitamin E/kg. The experiment was conducted on 810 straight-run broiler cockerels randomly divided into 3 groups: group I -control, without selenium supplement; experimental group: II -0.3 mg Se/kg, Se-enriched yeast was applied as a Se source; III -0.3 mg Se/kg, Se-enriched alga Chlorella as a Se source. The broiler chickens were slaughtered at 42 days of age. In performance traits higher (P ≤ 0.05) live weight of broiler chickens was recorded in the experimental groups (II -2 430.6 g and III -2 425.2 g). There were no significant differences between the groups in feed conversion and mortality. Se-enriched alga had the best feed conversion, and selenium supplementation slightly increased mortality in both experimental groups. No significant differences between the groups were found out in carcass traits and dressing percentage. The content of selenium in breast and thigh muscle, feathers and excrements increased (P ≤ 0.05) in both experimental groups compared to the control group. Higher values in breast and thigh muscle and in feathers were measured in the group supplemented with selenium from Se-enriched yeast, also in comparison with the group supplemented with selenium from Se-enriched alga Chlorella. The broiler chickens receiving Chlorella had a higher (P ≤ 0.05) selenium content in excrements compared to the group with Se-enriched yeast. The selenium concentration in liver was higher (P ≤ 0.05) in both experimental groups compared to the control. The supplement of selenium from Se-yeast and Chlorella in the diet for broiler chickens increased the microelement concentration in muscle.

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Direct and Indirect Assessment of Selenium Status in Cattle - A Comparison

Cited by 50 publications

References 11 publications

Differences in the occurrence of selenium, copper and zinc deficiencies in dairy cows, calves, heifers and bulls

Differences in the occurrence of selenium, copper and zinc deficiencies in dairy cows, calves, heifers and bulls

Selenium Status of Cattle in the Czech Republic

The effect of selenium source on the performance and meat quality of broiler chickens

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