Direct and indirect costs of COPD and its comorbidities: Results from the German COSYCONET study

Wacker, Margarethe; Jörres, Rudolf A.; Schulz, Holger; Heinrich, Joachim; Karrasch, Stefan; Karch, Annika; Koch, Armin; Peters, Annette; Leidl, Reiner; Vogelmeier, Claus; Holle, Rolf

doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2015.12.001

Cited by 81 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Similar results were demonstrated for absenteeism in our study: approximately between 520 and 3700€/patient. The trend observed in our study about a positive correlation between the amount of indirect costs and severity of COPD is in agreement with that reported by Wacker et al [28] ranging from 8621 to 27,658€ according to severity [26,28]. A study performed from the perspective of the employers in Canada presents a significant percent of indirect costs (51%) and shows that the higher the severity, the higher the indirect costs per patient: $1079 (mild), $1554 (moderate) and $2198 (severe and very severe) [29], which was supported by our observations.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Evaluation of the economic and social burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Tachkov

Kamusheva

Pencheva

et al. 2017

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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The aim of this study was to calculate the economic and social burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Bulgaria generated from the loss of productivity due to absence from work (absenteeism), due to premature retirement, due to reduced productivity (presenteeism), and the disability adjusted life years (DALY). An observational study among 426 Bulgarian COPD patients was conducted for the period 2014-2015. Human capital approach was used to calculate the productivity losses and the DALY methodology of the World Health Organization was applied. The patients with moderate (50%) and severe (48%) disease were absent from work more frequently than those with mild COPD (2%) and generated productivity losses of 521.45€ per patient per year. The average indirect costs per patient for the remaining working ages due to premature retirement account for 25,000€ (6250 per patient on average), while those due to presenteeism, for about 3750.64€ per year. Accordingly, the DALYs in the group of patients with mild severity were lowest due to the low disutility index and number of patients in this sample group. On average, a patient with mild COPD spends 0.62 years of his life in disability due to the disease, while those with moderate and severe disease spend 6.00 and 9.00 years, respectively. This amounted to the following indirect costs experienced by patients: 3596.52€; 34,204.01€; 51,332.20€, respectively. We demonstrated a significant indirect financial and societal burden of COPD in Bulgaria, which is in correlation with the severity of the disease.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Evaluation of the economic and social burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Tachkov

Kamusheva

Pencheva

et al. 2017

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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“…In agreement with this study, a considerable number of studies have reported that COPD is a significant societal economic burden, associated with increased HCRU and higher health care costs, among COPD population versus control population. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] As in our observations, previous studies have reported that key drivers for higher direct costs of COPD include inpatient hospitalizations 12,17,22,24,26,28 and increased medication use. 12,17,18,24 Further contributory factors to higher direct costs in COPD patients are comorbidities 17,19,23,27 and hospital admissions resulting from comorbidities.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

The economic burden of COPD in a Swedish cohort: The ARCTIC study

Lisspers

Larsson

Johansson

et al. 2016

1.6 General Practice and Primary Care

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“…We found that 33% of patients were supported by family caregivers at home, as were 50% of those with advanced airflow limitation. The indirect costs increase as airflow limitation deteriorates [5]; we found that the in-home care rate increased as airflow limitation progressed. Of all caregivers, 13.6% quit their jobs to stay home.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

The health-related quality-of-life of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and disease-related indirect burdens

Choi

Yang

Rhee

et al. 2020

Korean J Intern Med

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Background/Aims: Many chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients have physical limitations. We investigated EuroQol five-dimensions five-level (EQ-5D-5L) of COPD patients to assess quality of life, and assessed indirect burden including time expenditure to visit doctor, home care rate, and caregiver related burden. Methods: We recruited 355 COPD patients according to severity of airflow limitation that severity was set at 10% mild, 40% moderate, 30% severe, and 20% very severe in two primary and 11 secondary/tertiary hospitals. Eligible patients were aged ≥ 40 years, who have been diagnosed with COPD for more than 1 year. Patients were recruited between June 2015 and October 2016. Results: The quality of life tended to decline with age, from mild to very severe impairment, as revealed by the EQ-5D-5L scores and the EQ visual analog scale. Family caregivers accompanied 22.6% of patients who visited outpatient clinics, and 25% of stage IV COPD patients. During emergency visits and hospitalization, this figure increased to > 60%. The home care rates were 28.5% for stage I patients, and 34.4, 31.8, and 52% for stage II to IV patients, respectively. The percentage of caregivers who stopped working was 13.6%. The EQ-5D index was strongly associated with the dyspnea scale (r = -0.64, p < 0.001). The average required time to see a doctor and visit the pharmacy was 154 minutes. Conclusions: In patients with COPD, the EQ-5D index decreased and disease-related home caregiving increased with airflow limitation. We considered the caregiver-related burden when making a strategy for COPD management.

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Direct and indirect costs of COPD and its comorbidities: Results from the German COSYCONET study

Abstract: COPD is associated with substantially higher costs than previously reported.

Cited by 81 publications

References 27 publications

Evaluation of the economic and social burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Evaluation of the economic and social burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

The economic burden of COPD in a Swedish cohort: The ARCTIC study

The health-related quality-of-life of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and disease-related indirect burdens

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