Direct and Indirect Effects of the Family Check-Up on Self-Regulation from Toddlerhood to Early School-Age

Chang, Hyein; Shaw, Daniel S.; Dishion, Thomas J.; Gardner, Frances; Wilson, Melvin N.

doi:10.1007/s10802-014-9859-8

Cited by 67 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Such a possibility mirrors a similar conclusion reached by Lomanowska et al (2015), and highlights the importance of early screening and intervention (e.g., Chang et al, 2014; Sanders, 2012) for parents struggling to engage in behaviors that promote (rather than hinder) the development of children’s EF. Our findings also suggest that interventions for parent EF may have benefits for the parenting that children receive, which may disrupt the IGT of negative parenting behavior.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Maternal executive functioning as a mechanism in the intergenerational transmission of parenting: Preliminary evidence.

Bridgett

Kanya

Rutherford

et al. 2017

Journal of Family Psychology

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Multiple lines of inquiry, including experimental animal models, have recently converged to suggest that executive functioning (EF) may be one mechanism by which parenting behavior is transmitted across generations. In the current investigation, we empirically test this notion by examining relations between maternal EF and parenting behaviors during mother-infant interactions, and by examining the role of maternal EF in the intergenerational transmission of parenting behavior. Mother-infant dyads (N=150) in a longitudinal study participated. Mothers were administered measures of EF (working memory and inhibition), reported on the parenting they received from their parents (i.e., the infants’ maternal grandparents), and were observed interacting with their 8-month-old infants. SEM findings indicated that the negative parenting mothers received from their own parents was significantly related to poorer maternal EF, and that poorer maternal EF was significantly related to subsequent engagement in more negative parenting practices with their own infant. A significant indirect effect, through maternal EF, was observed between maternal report of her experiences of negative parenting received while growing up and her own use of negative parenting practices. Our findings make two contributions. First, we add to existing work that has primarily considered relations between parent EF and parenting behavior while interacting with older children by showing that maternal EF affects children, via maternal parenting behavior, beginning very early in life. Second, we provide key evidence of the role of EF in the intergenerational transmission of parenting. Additional implications of these findings, as well as important future directions, are discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Maternal executive functioning as a mechanism in the intergenerational transmission of parenting: Preliminary evidence.

Bridgett

Kanya

Rutherford

et al. 2017

Journal of Family Psychology

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“…Secondly, findings raise the intriguing possibility that family-oriented interventions may have positive impacts on youth emotion regulation deficits without directly addressing them. Similar findings have been shown in a recent study evaluating the effectiveness of a family-based intervention in promoting self-regulation skills in young children (Chang, Shaw, Dishion, Gardner, & Wilson, 2014). Finally, the results presented here suggest that differential treatment predictors exist for males and females, and that females in particular may benefit from an emotion regulation focus in therapy.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Adolescent Physiological and Behavioral Patterns of Emotion Dysregulation Predict Multisystemic Therapy Response

Winiarski

Schechter

Brennan

et al. 2016

Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders

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This study examined whether physiological and behavioral indicators of emotion dysregulation assessed over the course of Multisystemic Therapy (MST) were related to treatment response. Participants were 180 ethnically diverse adolescents (n=120 males), ranging in age from 12 to 17 years. Treatment response was assessed through therapist report and official arrest records. Changes in cortisol reactivity and changes in scores on a behavioral dysregulation subscale of the Child Behavior Checklist were used as indicators of emotion dysregulation. Hierarchical linear modeling analyses examined whether a less favorable treatment response was associated with cortisol reactivity measures (a) collected early in treatment and (b) over the course of treatment, as well as with behavioral reports of emotion dysregulation reported (c) early in treatment, and (d) over the course of treatment. Sex was explored as a moderator of these associations. Results indicated that both cortisol and behavioral indices of emotion dysregulation early in treatment and over the course of therapy predicted treatment responsiveness. This relationship was moderated by sex: girls were more likely to evidence a pattern of increasing emotion regulation prior to successful therapy response. The results lend further support to the notion of incorporating emotion regulation techniques into treatment protocols for delinquent behavior.

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“…Both SR and eating behaviors that may contribute to overweight are shaped early in life by biological as well as behavioral and social-relational processes such as modeling by parents and caregivers (Blissett, Haycraft, & Farrow, 2010; Calkins et al, 2007). As early childhood SR can be enhanced through classroom-based (Blair & Diamond, 2008) and parenting-focused interventions (Chang, Shaw, Dishion, Gardner, & Wilson, 2014), it is important to consider SR during the toddler period as a potential pathway for health promotion, specifically obesity prevention in early childhood (Miller et al, 2012). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observed self-regulation is associated with weight in low-income toddlers

et al. 2016

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Obesity emerges in early childhood and tracks across development. Self-regulation develops rapidly during the toddler years, yet few studies have examined toddlers’ self-regulation in relation to concurrent child weight. Further, few studies compare child responses in food and non-food-related tasks. Our goal was to examine toddlers’ observed behavioral and emotional self-regulation in food and non-food tasks in relation to their body mass index z-score (BMIz) and weight status (overweight/obese vs. not). Observational measures were used to assess self-regulation (SR) in four standardized tasks in 133 low-income children (M age=33.1 months; SD=0.6). Behavioral SR was measured by assessing how well the child could delay gratification for a snack (food-related task) and a gift (non-food-related task). Emotional SR was measured by assessing child intensity of negative affect in two tasks designed to elicit frustration: being shown, then denied a cookie (food-related) or a toy (non-food-related). Task order was counterbalanced. BMIz was measured. Bivariate correlations and regression analyses adjusting for child sex, child race/ethnicity, and maternal education were conducted to examine associations of SR with weight. Results were that better behavioral SR in the snack delay task associated with lower BMIz (β=−0.27, p<.05) and lower odds of overweight/obesity (OR=0.66, 95% CI 0.45, 0.96), but behavioral SR in the gift task did not associate with BMIz or weight status. Better emotional SR in the non-food task associated with lower BMIz (β= −0.27, p<.05), and better emotional SR in food and non-food tasks associated with lower odds of overweight/obesity (OR=0.65, 95% CI 0.45, 0.96 and OR=0.56, 95% CI 0.37, 0.87, respectively). Results are discussed regarding how behavioral SR for food and overall emotional SR relate to weight during toddlerhood, and regarding early childhood obesity prevention implications.

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Direct and Indirect Effects of the Family Check-Up on Self-Regulation from Toddlerhood to Early School-Age

Cited by 67 publications

References 47 publications

Maternal executive functioning as a mechanism in the intergenerational transmission of parenting: Preliminary evidence.

Maternal executive functioning as a mechanism in the intergenerational transmission of parenting: Preliminary evidence.

Adolescent Physiological and Behavioral Patterns of Emotion Dysregulation Predict Multisystemic Therapy Response

Observed self-regulation is associated with weight in low-income toddlers

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