2006
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2006.02.001
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Direct and indirect effects of single walled carbon nanotubes on RAW 264.7 macrophages: Role of iron

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Cited by 525 publications
(375 citation statements)
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References 37 publications
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“…Iron and PAHs have been reported to contribute to the oxidation reaction (Baulig et al, 2003;Kagan et al, 2006;Guo et al, 2007;Byrne and Baugh, 2008;Liu et al, 2008). Thus, we thought that the impurities (iron and PAHs) in MWCNTs cause the inhibition of cell proliferation.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 80%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Iron and PAHs have been reported to contribute to the oxidation reaction (Baulig et al, 2003;Kagan et al, 2006;Guo et al, 2007;Byrne and Baugh, 2008;Liu et al, 2008). Thus, we thought that the impurities (iron and PAHs) in MWCNTs cause the inhibition of cell proliferation.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 80%
“…These experiments found that CNTs can induce inflammation, fibrosis, and granulomas in the lungs and that CNTs have a carcinogenic effect in the abdominal cavity. In vitro experiments evaluated the effects of CNTs on lung epithelial cells, keratinocytes, and immune cells such as macrophages -5 - (Monteiro-Riviere et al, 2005;Kagan et al, 2006;Sarkar et al, 2007;Hirano et al, 2008;Jacobsen et al, 2008;Herzog et al, 2009;Yang et al, 2009). These studies found that CNTs might be cytotoxic and induce cytokine production or oxidative stress.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…4 In addition, in comparison with other ENMs, intrinsic properties of CNTs might increase their toxicity; the fiber-like shape and low solubility might indeed account for their high biopersistence, 5 possibly exerting long-term adverse effects even after sporadic exposure. Furthermore, differences in the presence of contaminants retained during CNTs synthesis, 6,7 the deliberate introduction of chemical groups (functionalization), 8 the length, 9,10 or the presence of defects 11À13 may also influence their toxicity profile. 14 Although several in vivo and in vitro studies on the toxicity of CNTs have been performed in the past few years, 15,16 a comprehensive knowledge of their effects is still far from being obtained.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…59 Portanto, é necessário precaução na interpretação dos dados oriundos dessas metodologias e orienta-se que haja uma descrição detalhada e consistente do protocolo utilizado nos experimentos conduzidos com NTCs, bem como a aplicação independente de mais de um teste de viabilidade. [62][63][64][65][66] …”
Section: Ensaios De Viabilidade Celularunclassified
“…65 Já para amostras de NTCPS com baixa quantidade de ferro foram descritos níveis significativamente mais baixos de toxicidade. 58,64 Além disso, o tratamento de amostras de NTCPS não purificados com um quelante de ferro para remoção dos resíduos presentes demonstrou reduzir significativamente tanto a geração de oxidantes quanto a citotoxicidade. 66 Esses estudos com amostras contendo o metal ferro sugerem que o efeito citotóxico de catalisadores metálicos depende da concentração e, possivelmente, da forma como estão associados aos NTCs.…”
Section: Nanotubos De Carbono E Suas Impurezasunclassified