Direct and indirect electrification of chemical industry using methanol production as a case study

A comparative assessment of electrification strategies for industrial sites: Case of milk powder production

“…While electrification was not specifically included, the presented method is applicable to it and useful for evaluating emission reduction strategies of industrial sites. Chen et al [20] studied the electrification of methanol production, where the indirect electrification through alternative feedstocks and direct electrification through heat pumps were investigated. The direct electrification was found to be insignificant compared to the indirect one, as only parts of the heat demand can be converted to electricity.…”

Power-to-methanol: The role of process flexibility in the integration of variable renewable energy into chemical production

“…A fully electrified methanol process (adopted from our previous study [18]) with an annual production rate of approximately 400,000 tonnes was considered for two geographical locations, namely Norderney (Germany) and Kramer Junction (US), which have excellent wind and solar power sources, respectively, with profiles quantified by year-round hourly data. As shown in Figure 1, the system that converts power (from both variable renewables and the dispatchable backup) to methanol consists of four production subsystems, namely electrolysis (ELY) for producing H 2 , carbon capture (CC) for supplying CO 2 , methanol synthesis (SYN) for producing raw methanol and distillation (DT) for product purification.…”

Assessment of Technological Path of Hydrogen Energy Industry Development: A Review

“…Approximately 70% of the world's hydrogen is used to synthesize ammonia, and the hydrogen consumption of Eastern Asia and the MENA region's synthetic ammonia is more than 80% [38]. Replacing carbon-based hydrogen with hydrogen from renewable energy will contribute to global carbon emissions reduction [39].…”