Faced up with the fact that the buoy used in marine environmental monitoring did not install the self-destruction mechanism, and combined with the current development of the data destruction technology, data self-destruction technology for buoy was researched. The study shows that when the buoy system is out of control, it can select the two different data self-destruction methods by analyze different degree of threat which buoy system suffered. So it can destruct the marine environmental factor data in a fast and effective way, and make the data be unrecovered, thereby prevent data leaks, ensure data security.