Direct Carbonization of Al-Based Porous Coordination Polymer for Synthesis of Nanoporous Carbon

Hu, Ming; Reboul, Julien; Furukawa, Shuhei; Torad, Nagy L.; Ji, Qingmin; Srinivasu, Pavuluri; Ariga, Katsuhiko; Kitagawa, Susumu; Yamauchi, Yusuke

doi:10.1021/ja208940u

Cited by 608 publications

(380 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…CTF-1-200W exhibits a steep rise at a high relative pressure (P/P 0 B 1), indicating macrospores formed between highly aggregated particles, 49 consistent with the low surface area. 50,51 Among all samples, CTF-1-100W has the highest ordered structure both in plane and interlayer. Therefore, the morphology of CTF-1-100W was observed by TEM as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Efficient visible light-driven water oxidation and proton reduction by an ordered covalent triazine-based framework

Xie

Shevlin

Ruan

et al. 2018

Energy Environ. Sci.

251

188

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aWater oxidation is a rate-determining step in solar driven H 2 fuel synthesis and is technically challenging to promote. Despite decades of effort, only a few inorganic catalysts are effective and even fewer are effective under visible light. Recently, attention has been paid to synthetic semiconducting polymers, mainly on graphitic C 3 N 4 , with encouraging hydrogen evolution performance but lower activity for water oxidation. Here, a highly ordered covalent triazine-based framework, CTF-1 (C 8 N 2 H 4 ), is synthesised by a very mild microwave-assisted polymerisation approach. It demonstrates extremely high activity for oxygen evolution under visible light irradiation, leading to an apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of nearly 4% at 420 nm. Furthermore, the polymer can also efficiently evolve H 2 from water. A high AQE of 6% at 420 nm for H 2 production has also been achieved. The polymer holds great potential for overall water splitting. This exceptional performance is attributed to its well-defined and ordered structure, low carbonisation, and superior band positions. Broader contextSplitting water by sunlight is an attractive renewable approach to generate clean hydrogen for producing chemicals or powering vehicles. This ultra-pure hydrogen also avoids the dreaded catalyst poisoning, which occurs even with very low levels of CO residuals from fossil-fuel generated hydrogen. The key challenge to sustain continued hydrogen generation from this artificial photosynthesis process is to speed up the water oxidation reaction, which is hard to proceed due to multiple electron transfer steps. Oxidation catalysts based on polymeric semiconductors are particularly promising for this purpose because of their abundance leading to low cost, tunable band structure to match the solar spectrum and variable degree of conjugation to impact on the p-p* excitation for efficient electron transfer. With a moderate microwave assisted strategy, we are able to control the degree of conjugation and minimise the undesirable structural carbonisation of a new type of polymeric photocatalyst-covalent triazine-based framework. The optimised catalyst shows advantageous band positions, to capture a wide spectrum of visible light and enhance the charge separation efficiency, leading to very high water oxidation and hydrogen evolution capabilities. The overall discovery paves the way for the development of efficient and continuous clean hydrogen production from the renewable visible-light water splitting process.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Efficient visible light-driven water oxidation and proton reduction by an ordered covalent triazine-based framework

Xie

Shevlin

Ruan

et al. 2018

Energy Environ. Sci.

251

188

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“…252 Chauvin and co-workers reported LbL assembly with electrochemical oxidation of thiols to produce multilayer assemblies of coordination complexes. 253 Two kinds of complexes bearing two anchoring groups, [Ru(tpySH) 2 ] 2+ and [Fe(tpySH) 2 ] 2+ (tpySH: 4¤-[2-(p-phenoxy)-ethanethiol]-2,2¤:6¤,2¤¤-terpyridine), were used for this assembly. In the initial step, a SAM of these complexes was formed on gold electrodes with the second unreacted thiol moiety exposed at the outer surface.…”

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confidence: 99%

Layer-by-layer Nanoarchitectonics: Invention, Innovation, and Evolution

et al. 2013

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Materials fabrication with nanoscale structural precision based on bottom-up-type self-assembly has become more important in various current disciplines in chemistry including materials chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry, analytical chemistry, biochemistry, colloid and surface chemistry, and supramolecular chemistry. Although the design of new materials based on nanoscale self-assembly is anticipated as a key concept, preparing complete three-dimensional structures at nanoscale precision remains a difficult target using current technologies. Rather, dimension-reduced approaches such as layering of two-dimensional nanostructures into precisely controlled lamellar nanomaterials are currently achievable. In particular, layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly is known as a highly versatile method for fabrication of controlled layered structures from various kinds of component materials using very simple, inexpensive, and rapid procedures. Therefore, fabrication of multilayer films through the LbL deposition process has attracted growing interest from various research communities. The high versatility and flexibility of LbL assembly is continuously creating new concepts, new materials, new procedures, and new applications. In this highlight review, we focus on nanoarchitectonics by LbL assembly. After an initial introduction on the invention and a brief history of the LbL assembly technique, innovations and the evolution of the technique are described based mainly on recent examples, which are categorized into two sections: (i) developments in methodology (technical, material, and phenomenological aspects with expansion of concept) and (ii) progress in applications (physical, chemical/biochemical, and biomedical applications).

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“…The Cr-MOF derived carbons samples produced at different temperatures MDC-600, MDC-700 and MDC-800 The mass loss observed from the derived carbons from the Cr-MOF (Figure 3a) was relatively lower when compared to that of pristine Cr-MOF and this can be explained by the structural changes that were induced by the carbonisation process. Even though Ming et al [19] had reported that porous carbons obtained from MOFs consisting of metals with higher boiling points than Zn (such as Fe, Co, Cu) could retain the metallic species, and they could be removed from the resulting carbons after being washed with acid [19]. Although as stated, it is evident from this study that Cr oxide and formed carbides were very difficult to be removed and hence Cr-MOF carbonisation is not recommended for this type of MOF.…”

Section: Figure 2: Pxrd and Sem Images Of Cr-mof MDCmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of MOF-5- and Cr-MOF-derived carbons for hydrogen storage application

et al. 2015

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Nanoporous carbons which possess high surface areas and narrow pore size distributions have become one of the most important classes of porous materials with potential to be utilized for hydrogen storage. In recent times, several Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been shown to be promising precursors for creating nanoporous carbons due to their high surface areas and tunable pore sizes. The pore structure and surface area of the resultant carbon materials can be tuned simply by changing the calcination temperature.In this work, a zinc based MOF (MOF-5) and chromium based MOF (MIL-101) were both used as precursors for syntheses of nanoporous carbons structures by direct carbonization technique at different temperatures. The resultant carbon structures possessed high surface areas and differing hydrogen storage capacities.

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Direct Carbonization of Al-Based Porous Coordination Polymer for Synthesis of Nanoporous Carbon

Cited by 608 publications

References 57 publications

Efficient visible light-driven water oxidation and proton reduction by an ordered covalent triazine-based framework

Efficient visible light-driven water oxidation and proton reduction by an ordered covalent triazine-based framework

Layer-by-layer Nanoarchitectonics: Invention, Innovation, and Evolution

Comparison of MOF-5- and Cr-MOF-derived carbons for hydrogen storage application

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