Direct Charged-Particle Imaging System Using an Ultra-Thin Phosphor: Physical Characterization and Dynamic Applications

Chen, Liying; Gobar, Lisa S.; Knowles, Negar G.; Wilson, Donald W.; Barrett, Harrison H.

doi:10.1109/tns.2009.2023519

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Estimates of full-width-at-half-maximum resolution for 99m Tc and 18 F are 350 and 460 µm, respectively (19). Fortunately, recent innovations in “γ microscopes” and other high-resolution techniques (20–22) suggest that a revolution in autoradiography is imminent, and our FMs will likely prove useful in validating this new technology. Improved resolution and quantitative information can also be achieved using a β imager (e.g., the BetaImager [Biospace Lab]) by replacing 99m Tc in our example with a β-emitting radionuclide (e.g., 3 H and 14 C), provided that its chemical form is trapped as well as 99m Tc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopic Validation of Macroscopic In Vivo Images Enabled by Same-Slide Optical and Nuclear Fusion

et al. 2014

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It is currently difficult to determine the molecular and cellular basis for radioscintigraphic signals obtained during macroscopic in vivo imaging. The field is in need of technology that helps bridge the macroscopic and microscopic regimes. To solve this problem, we developed a fiducial marker (FM) simultaneously compatible with 2-color near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence (700 and 800 nm), autoradiography, and conventional hematoxylin–eosin (HE) histology. Methods The FM was constructed from an optimized concentration of commercially available human serum albumin, 700- and 800-nm NIR fluorophores, 99mTc-pertechnetate, dimethyl sulfoxide, and glutaraldehyde. Lymphangioleiomyomatosis cells coexpressing the sodium iodide symporter and green fluorescent protein were labeled with 700-nm fluorophore and 99mTc-pertechnatate and then administered intratracheally into CD-1 mice. After in vivo SPECT imaging and ex vivo SPECT and NIR fluorescence imaging of the lungs, 30-µm frozen sections were prepared and processed for 800-nm NIR fluorophore costaining, autoradiography, and HE staining on the same slide using the FMs to coregister all datasets. Results Optimized FMs, composed of 100 µM unlabeled human serum albumin, 1 µM NIR fluorescent human serum albumin, 15% dimethyl sulfoxide, and 3% glutaraldehyde in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4), were prepared within 15 min, displayed homogeneity and stability, and were visible by all imaging modalities, including HE staining. Using these FMs, tissue displaying high signal by SPECT could be dissected and analyzed on the same slide and at the microscopic level for 700-nm NIR fluorescence, 800-nm NIR fluorescence, autoradiography, and HE histopathologic staining. Conclusion When multimodal FMs are combined with a new technique for simultaneous same-slide NIR fluorescence imaging, autoradiography, and HE staining, macroscopic in vivo images can now be studied unambiguously at the microscopic level.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopic Validation of Macroscopic In Vivo Images Enabled by Same-Slide Optical and Nuclear Fusion

et al. 2014

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“…Dorsal skinfold window chambers (DSWC) were established in eight SCID mice [20, 21]. For implantation of the chamber into the dorsal skin, the entire back of the animal was shaved and depilated, and two symmetrical titanium frames were imbedded so as to sandwich the extended double layers of skin; one layer of skin was removed in a circular area approximately 15 mm in diameter, and the remaining layer was covered with a circular cover-glass incorporated into one of the frames.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This imager was custom-built for imaging charged-particles emitted from tissues of a living organism [20, 21]. It consists of an ultra-thin phosphor capable of imaging radiolabeled tracers in superficial or exposed tissues, a high-numerical-aperture compound lens, and a cooled ultra-sensitive CCD camera.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of TCP-1 probes for molecular imaging of colon cancer

Liu

Gray

Barber

et al. 2016

Journal of Controlled Release

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Molecular probes capable of detecting colorectal cancer (CRC) are needed for early CRC diagnosis. The objective of this study was to characterize c[CTPSPFSHC]OH (TCP-1), a small peptide derived from phage display selection, for targeting human CRC xenografts using technetium-99m (99mTc)-labeled TCP-1 and fluorescent cyanine-7 (Cy7)-labeled form of the peptide (Cy7-TCP-1). 99mTc-TCP-1 was generated by modifying TCP-1 with succinimidyl-6-hydrazino-nicotinamide (S-HYNIC) followed by radiolabeling. In vitro saturation binding experiments were performed for 99mTc-TCP-1 in human HCT116 colon cancer cells. SCID mice with human HCT116 cancer xenografts were imaged with 99mTc-TCP-1 or control peptide using a small-animal SPECT imager: Group I (n=5) received no blockade; Group II (n=5) received a blocking dose of non-radiolabeled TCP-1. Group III (n=5) were imaged with 99mTc-labeled control peptide (inactive peptide). SCID mice with human PC3 prostate cancer xenografts (Group IV, n=5) were also imaged with 99mTc-TCP-1. Eight additional SCID mice bearing HCT116 xenografts in dorsal skinfold window chambers (DSWC) were imaged by direct positron imaging of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) and fluorescence microscopy of Cy7-TCP-1. In vitro 99mTc-HYNIC-TCP-1 binding assays on HCT 116 cells indicated a mean Kd of 3.04 ± 0.52 nM. In cancer xenografts, 99mTc-TCP-1 radioactivity (%ID/g) was 1.01±0.15 in the absence of blockade and was reduced to 0.26±0.04 (P < 0.01) with blockade. No radioactive uptake was observed in the PC3 tumors with 99mTc-TCP-1 or HCT116 tumors with inactive peptide. Cy7-TCP-1 activity localized not only in metabolically active tumors, as defined by 18F-FDG imaging, but also in peritumoral microvasculature. In conclusion, TCP-1 probes may have a distinct targeting mechanism with high selectivity for CRC and tumor-associated vasculature. Molecular imaging with TCP-1 probes appears promising to detect malignant colorectal lesions.

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“…[44] Using the positrons emitted from 18 F to form images, rather than detecting the annihilation gamma rays, allows much higher-resolution, nearly microscopic, imaging of tumor properties such as pattern of FDG uptake. Since alpha particles are an important radio-decay product for targeted radio-nuclide therapy purposes, iQID is being used to image alpha particles as well.…”

Section: Intensified Detectors and Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular imaging in the College of Optical Sciences: an overview of two decades of instrumentation development

et al. 2014

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During the past two decades, researchers at the University of Arizona’s Center for Gamma-Ray Imaging (CGRI) have explored a variety of approaches to gamma-ray detection, including scintillation cameras, solid-state detectors, and hybrids such as the intensified Quantum Imaging Device (iQID) configuration where a scintillator is followed by optical gain and a fast CCD or CMOS camera. We have combined these detectors with a variety of collimation schemes, including single and multiple pinholes, parallel-hole collimators, synthetic apertures, and anamorphic crossed slits, to build a large number of preclinical molecular-imaging systems that perform Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), and X-Ray Computed Tomography (CT). In this paper, we discuss the themes and methods we have developed over the years to record and fully use the information content carried by every detected gamma-ray photon.

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Direct Charged-Particle Imaging System Using an Ultra-Thin Phosphor: Physical Characterization and Dynamic Applications

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

Microscopic Validation of Macroscopic In Vivo Images Enabled by Same-Slide Optical and Nuclear Fusion

Microscopic Validation of Macroscopic In Vivo Images Enabled by Same-Slide Optical and Nuclear Fusion

Characterization of TCP-1 probes for molecular imaging of colon cancer

Molecular imaging in the College of Optical Sciences: an overview of two decades of instrumentation development

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