Direct conversion of cellulose into isosorbide over Ni doped NbOPO₄ catalysts in water

Abstract

Ni doped NbOPO4 catalysts were used efficiently for the one-pot conversion of cellulose to isosorbide under aqueous conditions.

Recyclable Cu Salt-Derived Brønsted Acids for Hydrolytic Hydrogenation of Cellulose on Ru Catalyst

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] To this end, as a linear homopolysaccharide of Dglucose units linked by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds, cellulose can be efficiently converted via a hydrolytic hydrogenation route, involving its hydrolysis to glucose and subsequent glucose hydrogenation, to a wide range of products, exemplified by sorbitol, [7][8][9][10][11][12] ethylene glycol, [13][14][15][16][17] propylene glycol [18][19][20][21] , ethanol [22][23][24] and isosorbide. 25,26 The hydrolytic hydrogenation route of cellulose is limited by its hydrolysis, which is conventionally catalyzed by mineral acids, such as H 3 PO 4 and H 2 SO 4 . [27][28][29][30] Notwithstanding their high efficiency, the use of mineral acids encounters notorious problems associated with their recycling and disposal, etc.…”

Life Cycle Inventories for Palladium on Niobium Phosphate (Pd/NbOPO₄) and Zirconium Oxide (ZrO₂) Catalysts

“…The production of Pd as a PGM and its implementation in GREET is described by Kingsbury and Benavides (2021). The NbOPO4 support can be produced from the reaction of potassium niobate (KNbO3) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4) using a sol-gel method detailed by both Wang et al (2018) and He et al (2020). Life-cycle data for H3PO4 is already available in the GREET model (GREET 2020), and we traced KNbO3 through its synthesis from the hydrothermal reaction of Nb2O5 with potassium hydroxide (KOH) as described by Lu et al (1998).…”

“…Niobium phosphate (NbOPO4) is commonly produced by the reaction of potassium niobate (KNbO3) with phosphoric acid (H3PO4). This approach is used by Wang et al (2018) and He et al (2020), who both describe a sol-gel method for this reaction. This method involves the stimulation of small molecules to form a colloidal solution, which then evolves to form a gel with a liquid and a solid phase.…”

“…We analyzed a laboratory-scale sol-gel synthesis of NbOPO4 that draws from the procedures of both Wang et al (2018) and He et al (2020). In this process, 1.15 g of 85% H3PO4 is dissolved in 25 mL of water, and a 0.1 M KNbO3 solution is added to the H3PO4 solution.…”

“…) is calculated using Equation B-1 according to the methodology of Majeau-Bettez et al (2011) and . The value for the heating duration t is provided by the synthesis procedure of He et al (2020), while the value for power consumption P is estimated using data for a Nabertherm chamber oven (Nabertherm 2016). Majeau-Bettez et al (2011) assume in their calculations that an oven does not require the electricity needed to reach its maximum heating power if it is not being heated to its maximum temperature.…”