Direct Conversion of Microalgae Biomass to Formic Acid under an Air Atmosphere with Soluble and Solid Mo–V–P Heteropoly Acid Catalysts

Abstract

The present work demonstrates high potential of Parachlorella kessleri IC-11 microalga biomass for the production of biogenic formic acid under hydrothermal conditions and an air atmosphere. Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic approaches were applied and compared. The experiments were carried out in the presence of soluble H 5 PMo 10 V 2 O 40 and solid [(C 4 H 9 ) 4 N] 3.5 H 0.5 PMo 11 VO 40 bifunctional catalysts. The influence of reaction temperature and catalyst loading on the formic acid formation was revealed. Experimental data demonstrated that the microalgae biomass transformation to formic acid was limited by biomass depolymerization and hydrolysis processes, not the oxidation of intermediates to formic acid. H 5 PMo 10 V 2 O 40 allowed for formic acid to be obtained with better yields compared to [(C 4 H 9 ) 4 N] 3.5 H 0.5 PMo 11 VO 40 . Yields of 49 and 30 wt % of the target product were achieved over H 5 PMo 10 V 2 O 40 and [(C 4 H 9 ) 4 N] 3.5 H 0.5 PMo 11 VO 40, respectively. The solid catalyst demonstrated high stability in seven runs of the reaction at least while the activity of soluble heteropoly acid declined in the fifth reaction cycle.

Effect of Platinum Precursor on the Properties of Pt/N-Graphene Catalysts in Formic Acid Decomposition

“…FA can be synthesized from cellulose by chemical reactions [8,9]. Moreover, FA can be directly produced by biomass processing [10][11][12][13].…”

H8[PV5Mo7O40] – A Unique Polyoxometalate for Acid and RedOx Catalysis: Synthesis, Characterization, and Modern Applications in Green Chemical Processes

“…It could be shown that the HPA-5 catalyst is not applicable for the selective conversion of only hemicellulose and lignin model substrates. [114] Other substrates could also be oxidized to FA using OxFA conditions, as shown by Gromov et al [115] in 2020. They used Parachlorella kesslei IC-11 microalgae as a substrate to produce biogenic FA.…”

“…Other substrates could also be oxidized to FA using OxFA conditions, as shown by Gromov et al [115] . in 2020.…”

Hydrolysis–Dehydration of Cellulose: Efficiency of NbZr Catalysts under Batch and Flow Conditions

“…Cellulose, being the most abundant inedible plant source, is a perspective renewable for the production of energy and chemicals [3,4]. The main product of cellulose hydrolysis is glucose, which is a substrate for the production of valuable chemicals such as formic acid [5][6][7][8], 5-hydroxymathylfurfural (5-HMF) [9], and sorbitol [10]. Notably, 5-HMF seems to be a perspective sleeping-platform bioorganic molecule and could be applied as a substrate for the synthesis of chemicals, biofuels, pharmaceuticals, plastics, etc.…”