2019
DOI: 10.3390/colloids3020046
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Direct Cryo Writing of Aerogels via 3D Printing of Aligned Cellulose Nanocrystals Inspired by the Plant Cell Wall

Abstract: Aerogel objects inspired by plant cell wall components and structures were fabricated using extrusion-based 3D printing at cryogenic temperatures. The printing process combines 3D printing with the alignment of rod-shaped nanoparticles through the freeze-casting of aqueous inks. We have named this method direct cryo writing (DCW) as it encompasses in a single processing step traditional directional freeze casting and the spatial fidelity of 3D printing. DCW is demonstrated with inks that are composed of an aqu… Show more

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Cited by 44 publications
(52 citation statements)
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“…Further to FEF and 3D‐CoEx techniques, in recent years, unidirectional freeze casting and extrusion or inkjet‐based additive manufacturing (Figure 14B) have been combined, allowing simultaneous printing and freezing, to produce porous ceramic, [ 37d ] metallic, [ 37b ] biomacromolecule, [ 109 ] and graphene structures [ 37a ] with interconnected pores across multiple length scales after being directly post‐processed via lyophilization.…”
Section: Freeze Casting Materials In New Geometriesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Further to FEF and 3D‐CoEx techniques, in recent years, unidirectional freeze casting and extrusion or inkjet‐based additive manufacturing (Figure 14B) have been combined, allowing simultaneous printing and freezing, to produce porous ceramic, [ 37d ] metallic, [ 37b ] biomacromolecule, [ 109 ] and graphene structures [ 37a ] with interconnected pores across multiple length scales after being directly post‐processed via lyophilization.…”
Section: Freeze Casting Materials In New Geometriesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furthermore, the direct 3D printing of aerogel has enhanced the possibility of controlled aerogel pore sizes and their 3D internal structural network. A few research works have been carried out on the fabrication of nanowire aerogels from novel materials [ 43 , 44 , 45 ]. The advent of this novel technique is expected to eliminate complex preparation methods such as gelatinisation, organic solvent replacement, retrogradation and supercritical CO 2 drying in the future [ 46 ].…”
Section: Chronological Studiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Various computer-aided methods have been fabricated to design the desired shape of 3D aerogels using biopolymers as bio-injected ink. Stereolithography [ 21 ], selective laser sintering [ 22 ], fused deposition modelling [ 23 ], and 3D printing [ 24 , 25 ] are examples of the most used fabrication techniques of biopolymer-based aerogels. Chitosan, cellulose and alginate have been used in various medical applications due to their unique biological characteristics such as hemostatic properties, antibacterial and mucoadhesive properties which are useful for wound healing and stopping hemorrhaging.…”
Section: Biopolymer-based Aerogelsmentioning
confidence: 99%