Direct Current Iontophoretic Transdermal Delivery of Peptide and Protein Drugs

Chien, Yie W.; Siddiqui, Ovais; Shi, Weimin; Lelawongs, P.; Liu, J.-C.

doi:10.1002/jps.2600780507

Cited by 101 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…With respect to the relationship between the skin permeability of a drug and waveforms, the results by Chen and Chien 15) (sineϭrectangularϾtriangle) and by Chien et al 16) (sineϾtrapezoidalϭrectangular) were similar to our findings. Thus, waveforms which reduced the barrier function, enhanced the drug delivery into the skin.…”

Section: Effect Of Waveforms Chen and Chiensupporting

confidence: 92%

“…14) In other words, the resistance depended on the duty cycle. In contrast, Chen and Chien, 15) Chien et al 16) and Nakakura et al 14) showed that the duty cycle contributed to the percutaneous absorption of a drug. To clarify the effect of duty cycle on barrier function, the proposed method was used.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Although the iontophoretic flux caused by both sine and rectangular waveforms was equal to that for DC, the flux caused by a triangular waveform was less than that for the other waveforms and DC. Chien et al 16) showed that in terms of the reduction in blood glucose level caused by insulin, the waveforms ranked in the order of sine, trapezoidal and rectangular (0.33 mA/cm 2 , 2 kHz and 50% duty cycle). In addition, Hirvonen et al 18) reported that the skin permeability of amino acids (lysine and glutamic acid) caused by a rectangular waveform was equal to that due to a sine one (0.5 mA/cm 2 , 2.5 kHz and 50% duty cycle).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was assumed that the effect of frequency on the barrier function was low because they used more than 1 kHz. On the other hand, Chien et al 16) reported that the absorption of insulin caused by 2 kHz was higher than that caused by 1 kHz. However, the difference was small.…”

Section: Effect Of Waveforms Chen and Chienmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…16) On the other hand, Bagniefski et al 7) and Nakakura et al 14) showed that the effect of frequency on the absorption of the drug was almost unrecognizable. To clarify the effect of frequency on the barrier function, our proposed method was examined.…”

Section: Effect Of Waveforms Chen and Chienmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Evaluation of Skin Barrier Function Using Direct Current II: Effects of Duty Cycle, Waveform, Frequency and Mode.

Kanebako¹,

Inagi²,

Takayama

2002

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the reduction in skin barrier function caused by pulsed iontophoresis by measuring resistance in the short term. Experiments under direct current (DC) and pulsed direct current (PDC) conditions were carried out using rat abdominal skin in vivo. The resistance was measured every 62.5 m ms and analyzed using a two-compartment model consisting of surface and skin resistance. Moreover, the initial value and the rate constant of surface resistance were calculated with the non-linear approximation program. Using this method, effects of duty cycle, waveform, frequency and mode on the skin barrier function were examined. The barrier function decreased with increasing duty cycle. With regard to waveforms, the influence on the skin barrier function was greatest in the order of sine, rectangular, saw and triangular waveforms. A frequency of less than 100 Hz reduced the barrier function. Considering the reduction in barrier function and skin polarization, the PDC of a rectangular waveform (around 75% as duty cycle and less than 100 Hz as frequency) or sine waveform was most suitable. In addition, the difference in the amount of drug delivered by DC and by PDC was discussed.

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Section: Effect Of Waveforms Chen and Chiensupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Waveforms Chen and Chienmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Effect Of Waveforms Chen and Chienmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Evaluation of Skin Barrier Function Using Direct Current II: Effects of Duty Cycle, Waveform, Frequency and Mode.

Kanebako¹,

Inagi²,

Takayama

2002

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Targeting local tissues by transdermal application: Understanding drug physicochemical properties that best exploit protein binding and blood flow effects

Cross

Roberts

1999

Drug Dev. Res.

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Alternative Routes of Insulin Delivery

Owens

Bolli

Zinman

2003

International Textbook of Diabetes Mellitus

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Identification of the pancreas as the site of the defect in diabetes mellitus by von Mehring and Minkowski in 1889 led eventually to the identification and successful extraction of insulin in 1921 by Banting and Best. The availability of insulin for therapy shortly afterwards dramatically changed the lives of patients with diabetes who previously had a life expectancy of less than 2 years. In the 80 years since, major benefits have accrued. In the year 2000 alone, it is estimated that about 4.8 million years of life were gained for patients with type 1 diabetes as a result of insulin treatment, assuming a life expectancy of 1.5 years in its absence and a global prevalence of 5.1 million. Since insulin was first introduced into clinical practice there have been major developments in its production, purification, pharmaceutical formulation, and methods of delivery. However, despite these advances, microvascular and premature macrovascular complications persist as the main cause of morbidity and mortality in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes and represent a constant reminder that current therapeutic and management strategies, for the vast majority of our patients, remain woefully inadequate. In this chapter, we describe the many attempts made to develop alternative, less invasive routes for the delivery of insulin while focusing on recent progress achieved with inhaled insulins, which may provide the first opportunity for at least partial independence from subcutaneous injections.

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Direct Current Iontophoretic Transdermal Delivery of Peptide and Protein Drugs

Cited by 101 publications

References 36 publications

Evaluation of Skin Barrier Function Using Direct Current II: Effects of Duty Cycle, Waveform, Frequency and Mode.

Evaluation of Skin Barrier Function Using Direct Current II: Effects of Duty Cycle, Waveform, Frequency and Mode.

Targeting local tissues by transdermal application: Understanding drug physicochemical properties that best exploit protein binding and blood flow effects

Alternative Routes of Insulin Delivery

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