Direct determination of organic compounds in water using steam-solid chromatography

Teplý, J.; Dressler, M.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(00)86382-7

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…[1] Unfortunately, this VOC was detected in groundwater near a paint factory [4] and a petrochemical plant. [5] On account of the health issues mentioned above, the separation of IPB from water is crucial. Membrane separation technologies have many advantages over conventional separation processes, for example, they are energy-efficient, environmentally friendly, have a low capital cost, perform well in the separation, and operate in contentious mode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation and hydrophobicity modification of poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) membranes for pervaporation separation of volatile organic compound from water

et al. 2021

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In this study, novel nanocomposite membranes were fabricated for the removal of isopropyl benzene, a volatile organic compound (VOC), from water via pervaporation (PV). The membranes were made of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) copolymer. In order to improve the hydrophobic properties of the membranes, hydrophobic silica nanoparticles that had been surface modified by hexamethyldisilazane were used as the nanofiller in the PV membranes, for the first time. Incorporating hydrophobic silica nanoparticles into PVDF-HFP and increasing its concentration up to 9 wt% enhanced membrane hydrophobicity. Evaluation of membrane performance in VOC separation from water showed that the membrane containing 9 wt% of silica had the highest VOC separation factor, so that the values of total flux, separation factor, and PV separation index (PSI) were 3.77 g/m 2 /h; 42,483.81; and 158,788.50 g/m 2 /h for this membrane, respectively. The separation factor and PSI value of the mentioned membrane were almost 204 and 5 times higher than that of the neat PVDF-HFP membrane.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 1 ] Unfortunately, this VOC was detected in groundwater near a paint factory [ 4 ] and a petrochemical plant. [ 5 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and hydrophobicity modification of poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) membranes for pervaporation separation of volatile organic compound from water

et al. 2021

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“…High levels of cumene have been found in groundwater near industrial sites and in industrial effluents. Concentrations of 360 [ 9 ] and 1581 μg/L [ 10 ] have been reported in groundwater near underground storage tanks, as high as 700 μg/L near outboard motor operations [ 11 ], and up to 54 μg/L near coal gasification facilities [ 12 ]. Cumene has been detected at lower levels (usually less than 5 μg/L) in groundwater not adjacent to a known industrial or a contaminated site [ 4 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cumene Contamination in Groundwater: Observed Concentrations, Evaluation of Remediation by Sulfate Enhanced Bioremediation (SEB), and Public Health Issues

Herman

Redfern

Teaf

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Isopropylbenzene (cumene) is commonly encountered in groundwater at petroleum release sites due to its natural occurrence in crude oil and historical use as a fuel additive. The cumene concentrations detected at these sites often exceed regulatory guidelines or standards for states with stringent groundwater regulations. Recent laboratory analytical data collected at historical petroleum underground storage tank (UST) release sites have revealed that cumene persists at concentrations exceeding the default cleanup criterion, while other common petroleum constituents are below detection limits or low enough to allow natural attenuation as a remediation strategy. This effectively makes cumene the driver for active remediation at some sites. An insignificant amount of research has been conducted for the in-situ remediation of cumene. Sulfate Enhanced Biodegradation (SEB) is evaluated in a field case study. The results from the field case study show an approximate 92% decrease in plume area following three rounds of SEB injections. An additional objective of this research was to determine the cumene concentration in fuels currently being used to determine future impacts. A review of safety data sheets from several fuel suppliers revealed that cumene concentrations in gasoline are reported typically as wide ranges due to the proprietary formulations. Several fuels from different suppliers were analyzed to determine a baseline of cumene concentration in modern fuels. The results of the analysis indicated that cumene accounts for approximately 0.01% (diesel) to 0.13% (premium gasoline) of the overall fuel composition. Cumene generally is considered to be of low human health toxicity, with the principal concern being eye, skin, and respiratory irritation following inhalation of vapors in an occupational setting, but it has been regulated in Florida at very low concentrations based on organoleptic considerations.

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“…Progress in gas chromatography (GC) makes it an excellent technique for near real-time monitoring of VOCs from air and water since the analytes are separated prior to their detection, allowing a flexible qualitative and quantitative analysis of these complex mixtures. Since the VOCs have a low concentration in air and water, direct injection of large volumes of sample in GC , causes excessive band broadening with losses of chromatographic resolution. Moreover, a large amount of water or air injected in the chromatographic column degrades the stationary phase.…”

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confidence: 99%

Helical Sorbent Microtrap for Continuous Sampling by a Membrane and Trap Interface for On-Line Gas Chromatographic Monitoring of Volatile Organic Compounds

et al. 2003

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A helical sorbent microtrap consisting of a helical sorbent fixed inside a silicosteel capillary tube is presented. The main parameters that affect the safe sampling time of the helical sorbent microtrap in continuous sampling by a membrane and trap interface for on-line gas chromatographic monitoring of organic volatiles in gaseous samples are examined, taking into account the helical configuration of the sorbent, the presence of the membrane in system, and the properties of the analytes. Thermal desorption of analytes from the helical sorbent trap was also examined having regard to the influence of the turbulent flow generated by the helical sorbent in the heat transfer and the effect of thermal backward flow on the peak shape. The practical application of the helical sorbent microtrap in a membrane and trap interface was demonstrated by on-line gas chromatographic monitoring of four volatile organic compounds in the fume hood air and of volatile organic compounds from a diesel engine exhaust. The limit of detection was in the picogram per milliliter range, depending on the time of trapping and the parameters that affect the permeation through the membrane.

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Direct determination of organic compounds in water using steam-solid chromatography

Cited by 16 publications

References 15 publications

Preparation and hydrophobicity modification of poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) membranes for pervaporation separation of volatile organic compound from water

Preparation and hydrophobicity modification of poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) membranes for pervaporation separation of volatile organic compound from water

Cumene Contamination in Groundwater: Observed Concentrations, Evaluation of Remediation by Sulfate Enhanced Bioremediation (SEB), and Public Health Issues

Helical Sorbent Microtrap for Continuous Sampling by a Membrane and Trap Interface for On-Line Gas Chromatographic Monitoring of Volatile Organic Compounds

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