Direct determination of phosphorus in biodiesel samples by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry using a solid sampling accessory

Lyra, Fernanda Henrique; Carneiro, Maria Tereza Weitzel Dias; Brandão, Geisamanda Pedrini; Pessoa, Helen Moura; Castro, Eustáquio Vinícius Ribeiro de

doi:10.1039/b907071k

Cited by 25 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Nevertheless, elements of Na, Fe, P and Al were reduced after the conversion of waste feedstocks to biodiesel meeting specifications set. Operational problems caused by high levels of Na and K through corrosion [88], the positioning of catalytical converters and the ability of the after-treatment system were eliminated due to deterioration caused by high P in fuel [89,90] and because sulphur is amongst the most concerning elements [40]. A high S content can affect the performance of engines [91], and the maximum limit set for sulphur in biodiesel is 10 mg/L [70,92].…”

Section: Elemental Content Analysis 241 Icp-oes Analysis In Virgin Waste Sunflower and Palm Oil And Their Biodieselsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalyst and Elemental Analysis Involving Biodiesel from Various Feedstocks

et al. 2021

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The world is currently faced with the depletion of fossil fuel energy sources and their use is associated with environmental pollution. This has triggered the need to seek alternative energy sources that are renewable, sustainable and environmentally benign. Biodiesel, an alternative fuel of interest, is obtainable from biomass feedstocks. In existing biodiesel fuel, there are concerns that it is a contaminant due to its elemental contents, which over time also affect its quality. This study aimed to investigate the influence of a bifunctional catalyst on the conversion of free fatty acids and the elemental composition of biodiesel obtained from waste oils of sunflower and palm feedstocks. The synthesised catalyst was characterised using BET, XRD, FTIR and SEM while ICP-OES and Rancimat were used for elemental contents and oxidation in feedstocks and biodiesels. The effect of Cu, Zn and Fe metals on the stability of synthesised biodiesel was further studied. The catalyst showed characteristics of bifunctionality with improved textural properties necessary for the conversion of high free fatty acids feedstocks to biodiesel, despite increasing Ca content within the produced biodiesel. Sunflower biodiesel showed superior fuel quality, although palm biodiesel had more oxidation stability. An increase in the concentration of metals decreased the induction period, with Cu and Fe being more effective than Zn metal.

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Section: Elemental Content Analysis 241 Icp-oes Analysis In Virgin Waste Sunflower and Palm Oil And Their Biodieselsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalyst and Elemental Analysis Involving Biodiesel from Various Feedstocks

et al. 2021

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“…9,10 Na literatura, a concentração de metais alcalinos, tais como Na, K, Ca e Mg, normalmente encontrada em diferentes amostras de biodiesel é da ordem de mg kg -1 , 6,11,12 as concentrações de P e S encontram-se nessa mesma ordem, podendo variar em função da qualidade da matéria-prima utilizada. 13,14 Contudo, metais como Cu, Fe, Al, Mn, Ni, V, Cd e Pd estão presentes na ordem de µg kg -1 . [15][16][17] No entanto, a presença destes elementos, mesmo em baixas concentrações, pode exercer influência no processo de produção e na estabilidade do biocombustível, e também no desempenho do motor.…”

Section: Contaminantes Inorgânicos Em Biodiesel: Fontes Efeitos Sobre a Qualidade E Técnicas De Determinação 21 Efeitos De Constituintes unclassified

“…Diversos métodos alternativos para determinação de metais em biodiesel vêm sendo propostos na literatura. 6,8,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17] O grande desafio relacionado ao desenvolvimento de novas metodologias consiste na dificuldade em garantir a exatidão destes métodos. Até o presente momento a exatidão vem sendo feita através de testes de recuperação e/ou comparação com diferentes técnicas analíticas.…”

Section: Técnicas Analíticas Para a Determinação De Elementos Traçounclassified

Biodiesel: Contaminants and Quality Control

Quadros¹,

Chaves²,

Silva³

et al. 2011

Revista Virtual De Química

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A review on inorganic and organic contaminants in biodiesel used as fuel is presented. The main contaminants normally present in biodiesel that may affect the final product quality are discussed. The possible sources, as well as the effects of the contaminants in the production process, in the biodiesel stability and in its performance in the motor as fuel are also discussed. The criterions for the quality control of biodiesel and the limits established by the regulator agencies are described. In addition, a brief discussion on the main analytical techniques used for monitoring inorganic and organic parameters, is presented.

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“…We will not expand on AAS further because the method presented in this contribution was designed with the aim of future extension to multi-element quantification. Nevertheless, AAS is a powerful technique for TP single-element quantification [3] , also with the option of (limited) multi-element capabilities using continuum sources. XRF and especially total reflection XRF are also possible methods for phosphorus determination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radial line-scans as representative sampling strategy in dried-droplet laser ablation of liquid samples deposited on pre-cut filter paper disks

Nischkauer¹,

Vanhaecke²,

Bernacchi³

et al. 2014

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

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Nebulising liquid samples and using the aerosol thus obtained for further analysis is the standard method in many current analytical techniques, also with inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-based devices. With such a set-up, quantification via external calibration is usually straightforward for samples with aqueous or close-to-aqueous matrix composition. However, there is a variety of more complex samples. Such samples can be found in medical, biological, technological and industrial contexts and can range from body fluids, like blood or urine, to fuel additives or fermentation broths. Specialized nebulizer systems or careful digestion and dilution are required to tackle such demanding sample matrices. One alternative approach is to convert the liquid into a dried solid and to use laser ablation for sample introduction. Up to now, this approach required the application of internal standards or matrix-adjusted calibration due to matrix effects. In this contribution, we show a way to circumvent these matrix effects while using simple external calibration for quantification. The principle of representative sampling that we propose uses radial line-scans across the dried residue. This compensates for centro-symmetric inhomogeneities typically observed in dried spots. The effectiveness of the proposed sampling strategy is exemplified via the determination of phosphorus in biochemical fermentation media. However, the universal viability of the presented measurement protocol is postulated. Detection limits using laser ablation-ICP-optical emission spectrometry were in the order of 40 μg mL− 1 with a reproducibility of 10 % relative standard deviation (n = 4, concentration = 10 times the quantification limit). The reported sensitivity is fit-for-purpose in the biochemical context described here, but could be improved using ICP-mass spectrometry, if future analytical tasks would require it. Trueness of the proposed method was investigated by cross-validation with conventional liquid measurements, and by analyzing IAEA-153 reference material (Trace Elements in Milk Powder); a good agreement with the certified value for phosphorus was obtained.

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Direct determination of phosphorus in biodiesel samples by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry using a solid sampling accessory

Cited by 25 publications

References 33 publications

Catalyst and Elemental Analysis Involving Biodiesel from Various Feedstocks

Catalyst and Elemental Analysis Involving Biodiesel from Various Feedstocks

Biodiesel: Contaminants and Quality Control

Radial line-scans as representative sampling strategy in dried-droplet laser ablation of liquid samples deposited on pre-cut filter paper disks

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