Direct Determination of Trace Elements in Solid Samples by Gfaas With Zeeman Correction

Tittarelli, Paolo; Biffi, Claudio

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-041019-7.50007-8

Applications of Zeeman Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry in the Chemical Laboratory and in Toxicology 1992

DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-041019-7.50007-8

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Direct Determination of Trace Elements in Solid Samples by Gfaas With Zeeman Correction

Paolo Tittarelli¹,

Claudio Biffi²

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Cited by 3 publications

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Flame and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry in Environmental Analysis

Sperling¹

2000

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) is one of the most often used techniques for the quantitative determination of elements in environmental materials at trace and ultratrace levels. AAS is an optical atomic spectrometric technique based on the measurement of the specific absorption originating from free nonionized atoms in the gas phase. To transfer the analyte to free atoms, different types of atomizer are in use, the flame and the graphite furnace types being the most often used. Typical detection limits of flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) are of the order of 1–100 µg L −1 , making it a perfect tool for the determination of minor and trace elements, at least for contaminated samples. Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS), offering detection limits which are about a factor of 20–200 lower than for FAAS, is the standard method for many trace elements, especially for background values, and for unpolluted samples, such as fresh water and biological materials. AAS in its conventional configuration is a single‐element technique, which has to be used in a sequential mode when more than one element has to be determined. However, there are commercial instruments available that can be used for the determination of 6–8 elements simultaneously.

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Flame and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry in Environmental Analysis

Sperling¹

2000

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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Flame and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry in Environmental Analysis

Sperling

2022

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) is a well‐established technique for the quantitative determination of elements in environmental materials at trace and ultratrace levels. AAS is an optical atomic spectrometric technique based on the measurement of the specific absorption originated from the free, unionized atoms in the gas phase. For transferring the analyte to free atoms, different types of atomizers are in use, out of which the flame and the graphite furnace are the most often used atomizers. Typical detection limits of flame AAS (FAAS) are of the order of 1–100 μg L −1 , making it a perfect tool for the determination of minor and trace elements, at least for contaminated samples. Graphite furnace AAS (GFAAS), offering detection limits which are about a factor of 20–200 lower than for FAAS, is the standard method for many trace elements especially for background values, and for unpolluted samples, such as freshwater and biological materials. AAS in its conventional configuration is a single element technique, which has to be used in a sequential mode when more than one element has to be determined. However, there are commercial instruments available, that can be used for the determination of six to eight elements simultaneously. While most manufacturers provide instruments working with line sources, one manufacturer has commercialized high‐resolution instruments working with continuum sources (HRCS‐AAS).

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1998

Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

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Direct Determination of Trace Elements in Solid Samples by Gfaas With Zeeman Correction

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Flame and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry in Environmental Analysis

Flame and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry in Environmental Analysis

Flame and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry in Environmental Analysis

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