Direct electro-oxidation of iso-octane in a solid electrolyte fuel cell

Acetic acid internal reforming in a solid oxide fuel cell-reactor using Cu–CeO2 anodic composites

“…The apparatus used for the (electro)-catalytic and fuel cell measurements consisted of the feed unit, the cell-reactor and the gas analysis system [11]. Acetic acid and steam were fed into the reactor cell by bubbling pure Helium through two different vessels containing liquid CH 3 COOH of 99.99% purity (Riedel-de Haen) and distilled water, respectively, at various temperatures depending on their vapor pressures.…”

“…Their apparent surface areas were approximately 2 and 0.2 cm 2 , respectively. The analysis of the microstructure, morphology and chemical composition of the Cu/CeO 2 electrode was carried out using various physicochemical characterization techniques [11,27]. The surface area was measured by N 2 adsorption at 77 K, using the multipoint BET analysis method with an Autosorb-1 Quantachrome flow apparatus, and was found equal to 2 m 2 /g.…”

“…Reforming and exhaust-gas recirculation (providing the steam for reforming) lead to additional plant complexity and volume, increasing the overall cost [2]. On the other hand, Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) due to their high temperatures can be potentially operated directly (internal reforming or electro-oxidation) on hydrocarbon fuels [11].…”

“…Ni-based catalysts have been also used for steam reforming of hydrocarbons including oxygenate hydrocarbons [1]. Although, Ni-based catalysts/ electrodes are characterized by their high electronic conductivity and catalytic activity toward steam reforming reactions [2,11], it has been reported that their major problem is their fast deactivation due to carbon deposition at low H 2 O/C ratios and their inadequate redox stability owing to Ni/NiO volume variations [13e18]. To avoid coking, high H 2 O/C ratios [19e21] and/or lower operating temperatures are required, which inevitably is expected to suppress the overall efficiency due to further fuel dilution and high ohmic resistances, respectively.…”

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anode Materials for Direct Hydrocarbon Utilization

“…Cu-ceria-LDC/LSGM/SCF CH 4 0.1 b) [150] Cu − GDC/GDC/SSC CH 4 0.52 d) [ 174 ] C 3 H 8 0.43 d) [ 177 ] Cu-ceria-SDC/SDC (340 μ m)/LSCF-SDC C 4 H 10 0.18 [178] Cu-ceria-LSGM/LSGM (440 μ m)/LSCF-LSGM 0.08…”