Direct estimation of shale oil potential by the structural insight of Indian origin kerogen

Bansal, V.; Kumar, Ravindra; Sastry, M. I. S.; Badhe, Rajesh M.; Kapur, G. S.; Saxena, Deepak

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2018.12.057

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In India, oil shale occurs as outcrops in the coal mines of Upper Assam and Arunachal Pradesh region, with an estimated reserve of 137 billion tons with a recovery factor of 10% to 20%. 1 This untapped reserve acts as the source rocks for the oil field of Upper Assam India. 2 Oil shale is a porous, grainy sedimentary rock with kerogen bound in its mineral matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TG-FTIR analysis was used to study the real-time analysis of produced products during pyrolysis of isolated kerogen and compared with oil shale to observe the influence of inherent minerals on delaying the vaporization temperature and cracking of produced hydrocarbons. The isolated kerogen was pyrolyzed in a lab-scale pyrolysis setup, and the obtained oil was compared with the oil produced from pyrolysis of oil shale sample and solvent extracted bitumen using 1 H NMR analysis to study the catalytic effect of minerals leading to coking of produced hydrocarbons. The literature lacks any comparative studies on the composition of oil produced from pyrolysis of isolated kerogen, oil obtained from pyrolysis of oil shale, and solvent extracted bitumen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Compositional and kinetic study of thermal degradation of kerogen using TG‐FTIR, NMR, and microscopic study

Baruah

Tiwari

2021

AIChE Journal

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Understanding the thermal maturation mechanism of kerogen has both industrial and scientific significance. Here, kerogen extracted from Indian oil shale of Upper Assam basin is subjected to TG-FTIR analysis to study the thermal decomposition behavior of isolated kerogen and compared with oil shale sample. Kinetic study of kerogen was performed on thermogravimetric data using isoconversional methods. The mean apparent activation energy values were found in the range of 219 to 236 kJ/mol.The reaction models were identified as first-order and A2 nucleation models. The obtained kinetic parameters were validated by reconstruction of conversion profiles.Comparison of oil derived from kerogen with shale oil, and solvent-extracted bitumen using NMR analysis showed that kerogen initially matures into bitumen, and thereafter, gets converted to oil and gas in the presence of inherent minerals. The predicted degradation mechanisms of kerogen from the parent oil shale sample were examined using microscopic study.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compositional and kinetic study of thermal degradation of kerogen using TG‐FTIR, NMR, and microscopic study

Baruah

Tiwari

2021

AIChE Journal

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“…Kerogen originates from the occurrence of the decomposition of biomolecules and polymerization of the decomposed units during the biological degradation of living matter. Kerogen is believed to be macromolecules with a three-dimensional cross-linked network and has a wide range of chemical compositions and structures. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Evaluation on the Oil Saturation and Movability in the Organic and Inorganic Matter of Shale

et al. 2020

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Shale oil reservoirs are more complex and difficult to exploit than conventional and tight oil reservoirs because of low porosity, permeability, and rich organic matter. The presence of organic matter has great influence on the flow behaviors of oil in shale and the development methods for shale oil. In this work, the saturation and movability behaviors of oil in organic and inorganic matter of shale were investigated by experimental methods. First, vacuum-imbibition tests were carried out to evaluate the saturated oil amount at different states (in inorganic pores, organic pores, and adsorbed/dissolved in organic matter) in shale cores and to calculate the inorganic/organic saturation and inorganic/organic porosity. The results show that the imbibition volume of oil is 2.4− 5.7 times as much as those of KCl solutions for the several shale cores. The excess of imbibition oil is adsorbed or dissolved into the organic matter and dispersed in the organic pores. The organic saturation of oil in the shale samples is from 58.9 to 82.6%, which is 1.4−4.7 times as much as that in inorganic matter. The inorganic porosity is from 1.9 to 4.4%, while the organic porosity is from 0.3 to 1.3%. Moreover, the oil movability under centrifugation in the organic and inorganic matter of shale was measured by nuclear magnetic resonance. The results show that the content of movable oil in inorganic pores is 20−80%, which is higher than that of organic matter with a value of lower than 10%. The total movable content of oil in shale is influenced greatly by the content of movable oil in organic matter. Therefore, how to displace the oil in organic matter is the main problem to be solved in developing shale oil.

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“…One such resource is oil shale. The estimated reserve of oil shale around the world is about 400 billion barrels of oil recoverable. , In India, oil shale is found in the Upper Assam region of North East India. − Oil shale can be converted into oil and gas by pyrolysis. The conversion of oil shale into valuable products and the kinetics of oil shale pyrolysis have been studied extensively. − Pyrolysis reaction conditions significantly influence product distribution and composition; hence, the determination of suitable pyrolysis parameters is vital for obtaining the yield of desired composition. , The use of a well-controlled pressurized pyrolysis process has been proven to be effective for the production of high-value fuel from oil shale as well as other carbonaceous materials. − Oil shale pyrolysis involves the breakdown of organic matter (kerogen) simultaneously with the mineral matter surrounding it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of High Pressure on Nonisothermal Pyrolysis Kinetics of Oil Shale and Product Yield

Baruah

Tiwari

2020

Energy Fuels

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The current work presents a comprehensive study on nonisothermal high-pressure pyrolysis kinetics of oil shale and the influence of pressure on product yield. High-pressure thermogravimetric analyses of the oil shale samples were carried out from 30 to 900 °C, at heating rates of 5, 10, 15, and 20 °C min −1 , under isobaric pressure values of 5, 10, 20, and 30 bar using a wellcontrolled high-pressure thermogravimetric analyzer (HP-TGA). The organic matter decomposition zone was identified from HP-TGA data and the activation energy values were determined using isoconversional methods. Under the pressurized condition, oil shale exhibited mean apparent activation energy values ranging from 341 to 451 kJ mol −1 . The possible decomposition mechanisms were identified as D3 diffusion model, followed by second-order reaction model, and A3 Avrami−Erofeev nucleation model as the decomposition progressed and products formed. Further, the lab-scale pyrolysis experimental matrix was designed based on HP-TGA data, and the products obtained were characterized for compositional analysis. The percentage of permanent gases viz. hydrogen (H 2 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and carbon monoxide (CO) decreased dramatically with the increase of pyrolysis pressure. The derived pyrolytic oils showed a decrease in specific density (879−831 g cm −3 ) and carbon number (C 38 to C 22 ) with an increase in pressure. Nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) analysis of the pyrolytic oil indicated a reduction in the total aromatic content (from 22 to 9 wt %) due to coking of aromatics, and a subsequent increase in the percentage of aliphatics and alkanes due to cracking of straight-chain moieties. The octane number of obtained pyrolytic oils ranged from 83 to 88. The results obtained suggest that the choice of the pressurized pyrolysis (temperature−pressure combination) system may help in controlling the product distribution and compositions.

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Direct estimation of shale oil potential by the structural insight of Indian origin kerogen

Cited by 24 publications

References 17 publications

Compositional and kinetic study of thermal degradation of kerogen using TG‐FTIR, NMR, and microscopic study

Compositional and kinetic study of thermal degradation of kerogen using TG‐FTIR, NMR, and microscopic study

Experimental Evaluation on the Oil Saturation and Movability in the Organic and Inorganic Matter of Shale

Effect of High Pressure on Nonisothermal Pyrolysis Kinetics of Oil Shale and Product Yield

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