Direct evidence for local IgE production in the human colonic mucosa

Abstract

Effect of 2 years of treatment with sublingual grass pollen immunotherapy on nasal response to allergen challenge at 3 years among patients with moderate to severe seasonal allergic rhinitis: the GRASS randomized clinical trial.

Type-2 Cytokines Promote the Secretion of the Eosinophil–Attractant CCL26 by Intestinal Epithelial Cells in Food-Sensitized Patients

“…Furthermore, we found that IgE + cells were scattered throughout all the polyp tissue and the co-staining with anti-CD138 antibody revealed the presence of plasma cells (IgE + CD138 + cells) and eosinophils (IgE + CD138cells with a bi-lobed nucleus) (Figure 1D). Previous works demonstrated that serum IgE correlated with polyp tissue IgE (8). Here, we found that patients with polyps showed high levels of total serum IgE (90%) and food specific IgE (74-88%), and personal or family history of atopy or allergy (Table 2).…”

“…In this study, we hypothesized that the colonic epithelial cells release eotaxin-3 and we demonstrated that the type 2 cytokine IL-13 increased eotaxin-3 mRNA levels and eotaxin-3 protein secretion in the Caco-2 human intestinal epithelial cell line. We previously reported that the allergic inflammation detected in juvenile polyps of patients with food-sensitization was accompanied with IgE synthesis ( 8 ). Furthermore, the presence of food-specific IgE exclusively within the polyp, and not in the surrounding mucosal tissue, indicates that IgE is locally produced and probably induced or enhanced by the presence of food allergens that gain access to tissue from the intestinal lumen.…”

“…Polyp and biopsy tissues were characterized by haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) or eosin staining, or with fluorochrome-conjugated specific antibodies and then analyzed by optical and confocal microscopy, respectively (8). Briefly, tissues were fixed overnight at 4°C in 3% paraformaldehyde and then embedded in paraffin as described in Mercer et al (10).…”

“…Also, Provost et al described that CCL26 exerts a more profound eosinophil-chemo attractive effect than other chemokines promoting eosinophil homing to the lung in asthmatic patients ( 7 ). To date the analysis of intestinal tissue from food-sensitized or allergic patients has seldom been performed and our work pioneered the description of the local mechanisms of IgE synthesis that contribute to the allergic process ( 8 ). The mechanisms by which CCL26 is more efficient as an eosinophil chemoattractant in an allergic context is not yet defined and here, we contribute with evidence to understand the CCL26 secretion by epithelial cells in an intestinal allergic microenvironment.…”

The origins and longevity of IgE responses as indicated by serological and cellular studies in mice and humans

“…139,194 Similarly, in the intestine, it is not clear if IgE + ASC are plasmablasts, immature, or mature ASC, despite convincing evidence they can reside at that site. 127,190 F I G U R E 7 Recent evidence of unique regulation of IgE responses by the IgE BCR. gG1 + B cells in mice exhibit limited autonomous signaling, 151,152 and are shown to enter quiescence as memory B cells.…”