Direct evidence ofp-typeSrTiO3by high-resolution x-ray absorption spectroscopy

Hydrogen separation using proton-conducting perovskites

“…In order to estimate if electron holes or conduction electrons are responsible for the electronic conduction, soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was employed, expecting that the electron hole can be observed by this technique [26,27]. Fig.…”

“…The partial pressures of hydrogen in the Ar sweep gas, p(H 2 , perm) was determined by gas chromatography. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) [26,27] was employed to estimate the electronic charge carrier. Since this technique elucidates unoccupied density of states of electron holes, unoccupied states in the valence band, can be detected.…”

Ferroelectric and structural properties of Ba2−xSrxNaNb5O15 thin films prepared on La0.05Sr0.95TiO3 substrates

“…The spectrum is derived from L 3 (2p 3/2 ) at ~642 eV and to O 2p hybridized with unoccupied Fe 3d states. 21,22,24) Therefore, the O 1s XAS spectra reflect the electronic structure of conduction band. The spectral shape and peak position are similar to the electronic structures of LaFeO 3 obtained by O 1s XAS and tight-binding calculation.…”

Structural and electrical properties of SrFe Ti1−O3 (x=0.001, 0.005 and 0.01) thin films prepared by pulsed laser depositions

“…It can be changed into an n-type semiconductor with La substituting into A site or Nb substituting in B site [2,3]. Also it can be changed into a p-type semiconductor with Sc or Fe substituting in B site [4][5][6]. In the past few decades, Fe was added into the SrTiO 3 based materials and many interesting properties had been investigated.…”